Astoul P
Service de pneumologie, Hôpital de la Conception, Marseille.
Rev Prat. 1997 Jun 15;47(12):1308-14.
Thoracoscopy, an endoscopic examination for pleurisy, can be performed using general anesthesia, usually without intubation, or using a neuroleptic, after induction of artificial pneumothorax if required. At the end of surgery, a thoracic drain is inserted to expand the lung. Complications are rare and mortality is below 0.017%. The main indication for thoracoscopy is diagnosis of pleural effusion, where its sensitivity and specificity are clearly superior to that of needle pleural biopsy and (or) to pleural fluid cytology. In diffuse pulmonary diseases, thoracoscopy also allows lung biopsy. Some therapeutic measures are mainly feasible by this route. Pleurodesis is performed in case of recurrent pleural effusion of for pneumothorax.
胸腔镜检查是一种用于胸膜炎的内镜检查，可采用全身麻醉（通常无需插管）进行，必要时在人工气胸诱导后使用神经安定药进行。手术结束时，插入胸腔引流管以使肺扩张。并发症罕见，死亡率低于0.017%。胸腔镜检查的主要适应证是胸腔积液的诊断，其敏感性和特异性明显优于经皮胸膜活检和（或）胸水细胞学检查。在弥漫性肺部疾病中，胸腔镜检查也可用于肺活检。一些治疗措施主要通过此途径可行。对于复发性胸腔积液或气胸，可进行胸膜固定术。
