Annigeri R A, Prakash G K, Balasubramaniyam R, Balasubramaniam S, Prakash K C, Kavitha M K
J Assoc Physicians India. 1996 Sep;44(9):602-5.
51 CAPD patients (age 55.5 +/- 14.5 yrs, 35 male, 16 female) on CAPD using 'O' set were studied retrospectively during the period January 1993 to April 1995. Etiology of ESRD was Diabetic nephropathy-25(49%) and the other causes-26(51%). The total duration of observation on 'O' set was 553 patient months, the mean duration was 10.8 +/- 6.1 months. 24 patients (47%) developed total of 30 episodes of peritonitis. The incidence of peritonitis was 18.4 patient months per episode of peritonitis. The organisms responsible for peritonitis were Gram positive-6(20%), Gram negative-3(10%), Fungal-1(3.3%), Mycobacterial-1(3.3%), Eosinophilic-1(3.3%), Sterile-12(40%) and unknown-6(20%) 2 patients of bacterial peritonitis and a patient with tuberculous peritonitis died while rest of the patients responded favourably to antibiotics. 13(52%) diabetic patients and 11(42%) non-diabetic patients had peritonitis (p-NS) and the peritonitis rates in diabetics and non diabetics were 18.3 and 18.6 patient months per episode respectively (p-NS). Exit site infection was seen in 5 patients (10%) (Staph aureus-4, Enterococci-1) and all responded to antibiotic therapy. 7 patients had total of 10 episodes of symptomatic accidental intraperitoneal sodium hypochlorite instillation, none had any long term adverse effects. The 'O' set procedure was done by self in 10(20%) and by others in 41(80%) cases. The peritonitis rates when performed by self and others were 18.5 and 18.4 patient months per episode respectively (p-NS). The cost of being on CAPD using 'O' set, Y-bag and twin bag were Rs. 1,50,000, 2,10,000 and 3,72,000 per annum respectively and cost of maintenance haemodialysis was 1,36,800 per annum. The cost of CAPD using 'O' set was comparable to that of maintenance haemodialysis. The 'O' set connector system in CAPD is found to be safe, cost effective and efficient.
1993年1月至1995年4月期间，对51例使用“O”型装置进行持续性非卧床腹膜透析（CAPD）的患者（年龄55.5±14.5岁，男性35例，女性16例）进行了回顾性研究。终末期肾病（ESRD）的病因是糖尿病肾病25例（49%），其他病因26例（51%）。使用“O”型装置的总观察时长为553患者月，平均时长为10.8±6.1个月。24例患者（47%）共发生30次腹膜炎发作。腹膜炎的发生率为每发作一次腹膜炎18.4患者月。引起腹膜炎的病原体为革兰氏阳性菌6例（20%）、革兰氏阴性菌3例（10%）、真菌1例（3.3%）、分枝杆菌1例（(3.3%）、嗜酸性粒细胞1例（3.3%）、无菌性12例（40%）及不明6例（20%）。2例细菌性腹膜炎患者和1例结核性腹膜炎患者死亡，其余患者对抗生素反应良好。13例（52%）糖尿病患者和11例（42%）非糖尿病患者发生腹膜炎（p值无统计学意义），糖尿病患者和非糖尿病患者的腹膜炎发生率分别为每发作一次18.3和18.6患者月（p值无统计学意义）。5例患者（10%）出现出口处感染（金黄色葡萄球菌4例，肠球菌1例），所有患者对抗生素治疗均有反应。7例患者共发生10次有症状的意外腹腔内次氯酸钠灌注，均未出现任何长期不良反应。“O”型装置操作由患者自行完成10例（20%），由他人完成41例（80%）。自行操作和他人操作时的腹膜炎发生率分别为每发作一次18.5和18.4患者月（p值无统计学意义）。使用“O”型装置、Y型袋和双袋进行CAPD的年费用分别为150000卢比、210000卢比和372000卢比，维持性血液透析的年费用为136800卢比。使用“O”型装置进行CAPD的费用与维持性血液透析相当。发现CAPD中的“O”型装置连接系统安全、经济有效且高效。
