Scheibmeir M, O'Connell K A
School of Nursing, University of Kansas, Kansas City 66160-7502, USA.
J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 1997 Jul-Aug;26(4):477-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.1997.tb02730.x.
In the United States cigarette smoking accounts for 11% of deaths of women. Approximately one of every four women smoke. Among pregnant women, 20-50% smoke, although prevalence rates vary depending upon income, age, and educational level. Spontaneous quit rates are highest among pregnant smokers. Interventions have been used to assist pregnant women to stop smoking, and the use of a combination of methods has yielded the highest quit rates among pregnant women, but postpartum relapse rates provide a glimpse of the short-term benefit of these intense efforts. Smoking cessation interventions for pregnant women must be considered within the larger context of women's lives to promote permanent smoking cessation.
在美国，吸烟导致了11%的女性死亡。大约每四名女性中就有一人吸烟。在孕妇中，20% - 50%的人吸烟，不过患病率因收入、年龄和教育水平而异。孕妇吸烟者的自发戒烟率最高。已经采用了一些干预措施来帮助孕妇戒烟，多种方法结合使用在孕妇中产生了最高的戒烟率，但产后复发率让人看到了这些高强度努力的短期成效。必须在女性生活的更广泛背景下考虑针对孕妇的戒烟干预措施，以促进永久戒烟。
