Perkins K Y, Johnson J L, Kay H H
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
J Reprod Med. 1997 Jul;42(7):440-4.
To determine the clinical features of simple ovarian cysts, often seen on a first-trimester ultrasound scan.
All initial examinations from patients scanned in 1993 (N = 1,001) were reviewed, and the clinical features of simple ovarian cysts were determined. Relationships were determined between the presence of a cyst and first-trimester pregnancy outcomes, including progression beyond the first trimester, blighted ovum, ectopic pregnancy and fetal demise.
A simple ovarian cyst was observed in 29% of patients. Cysts were seen less often after 8 weeks' gestation, and there was an equal distribution between those on the right and those on the left side of the pelvis. Cyst diameters did not vary with gestational age, and most mean diameters were within a range of 1-3 cm. The absence of a cyst was more often associated with a blighted ovum on follow-up ultrasound scan (relative risk, 2.8), but its presence or absence did not correlate with failure to progress beyond the first trimester, ectopic pregnancy or intrauterine fetal demise.
The presence of simple ovarian cysts in the first trimester, which may represent corpus luteal cysts, appears to support early pregnancy development due to its association with a lower incidence of blighted ova.
确定孕早期超声扫描中常见的单纯性卵巢囊肿的临床特征。
回顾了1993年接受扫描的患者（N = 1001）的所有初始检查，确定了单纯性卵巢囊肿的临床特征。确定囊肿的存在与孕早期妊娠结局之间的关系，包括孕早期后的进展、枯萎卵、异位妊娠和胎儿死亡。
29%的患者观察到单纯性卵巢囊肿。妊娠8周后囊肿较少见，盆腔右侧和左侧的囊肿分布相等。囊肿直径不随孕周变化，大多数平均直径在1 - 3厘米范围内。随访超声扫描显示，无囊肿更常与枯萎卵相关（相对风险，2.8），但其存在与否与孕早期后进展失败、异位妊娠或宫内胎儿死亡无关。
孕早期出现的单纯性卵巢囊肿可能代表黄体囊肿，由于其与枯萎卵发生率较低相关，似乎支持早期妊娠发育。
