Wilson I G, Hogg G M, Barr J G
Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Bacteriology Department, Belfast City Hospital Trust, UK.
J Hosp Infect. 1997 Jul;36(3):171-80. doi: 10.1016/s0195-6701(97)90192-4.
A survey was undertaken in response to a report of a clinical infection which had been related to an ice-making machine on a hospital ward. A detailed study of the ice microflora of 27 ice-making machines was performed. In a subsequent survey, ice samples (N = 194) from establishments such as bars and hotels were examined for bacterial indicators of hygiene. Samples from hospital ice-making machines yielded low numbers of a wide range of potentially opportunistic micro-organisms, many of environmental rather than clinical origin. For ice sampled in the community, the total aerobic plate count (TAPC) at 37 degrees C for 95% of the samples was < 500 cfu/mL, and at 22 degrees C 75% had < 500 cfu/mL. Examination for coliforms showed that 69% of samples contained no coliforms, but 20% contained > 100 coliforms/100 mL. Escherichia coli was detected in three samples but in very low numbers. This report investigates the relevance of ice machines to the control of hospital infection, the hygiene of ice in the community, discusses the microbiological quality of ice and proposes possible guidelines.
应医院病房一台制冰机引发临床感染的报告开展了一项调查。对27台制冰机的冰微生物群落进行了详细研究。在随后的一项调查中，对酒吧和酒店等场所的冰样本（N = 194）进行了卫生细菌指标检测。医院制冰机的样本中发现了数量较少的多种潜在机会性微生物，其中许多来源于环境而非临床。对于在社区采集的冰样本，95%的样本在37摄氏度下的总需氧平板计数（TAPC）< 500 cfu/mL，75%的样本在22摄氏度下< 500 cfu/mL。大肠菌群检测显示，69%的样本不含大肠菌群，但20%的样本含有的大肠菌群> 100个/100 mL。在三个样本中检测到了大肠杆菌，但数量极少。本报告调查了制冰机与医院感染控制的相关性、社区冰的卫生情况，讨论了冰的微生物质量并提出了可能的指导方针。
