Ternák G, Almási I
Baranya Megyei Kórház Fertözö Osztálya, Pécs.
Orv Hetil. 1996 Dec 29;137(52):2917-21.
The authors publish the results of a survey conducted among hospital records of patients discharged from eight inpatient's institutes between 1-31st of January 1995 to gather information on the indications and usage of antibiotics. The institutes were selected from different part of the country to represent the hospital structure as much as possible. Data from the 13,719 documents were recorded and analysed by computer program. It was found that 27.6% of the patients (3749 cases) received antibiotic treatment. 407 different diagnosis and 365 different surgical procedures (as profilaxis) were considered as indications of antibiotic treatment (total: 4450 indications for 5849 antibiotic treatment). The largest group of patients receiving antibiotics was of antibiotic profilaxis (24.56%, 1093 cases), followed by lower respiratory tract infections (19.89%, 849 cases), uroinfections (10.53%, 469 cases) and upper respiratory tract infections. Relatively large group of patients belonged to those who had fever or subfebrility without known reason (7.35%, 327 cases) and to those who did not have any proof in their document indicating the reasons of antibiotic treatment (6.4%, 285 cases). We can not consider the antibiotic indications well founded in those groups of patients (every sixth or every fifth cases). The most frequently used antibiotics were of [2-nd] generation cefalosporins. The rate of nosocomial infections were found as 6.78% average. The results are demonstrated on diagrams and table.
作者公布了一项调查结果，该调查于1995年1月1日至31日在八家住院机构出院患者的医院记录中进行，以收集有关抗生素适应症和使用情况的信息。这些机构从该国不同地区选取，尽可能代表医院结构。13719份文件的数据由计算机程序记录和分析。结果发现，27.6%的患者（3749例）接受了抗生素治疗。407种不同诊断和365种不同手术程序（作为预防措施）被视为抗生素治疗的适应症（总计：5849次抗生素治疗有4450个适应症）。接受抗生素治疗的最大患者群体是抗生素预防（24.56%，1093例），其次是下呼吸道感染（19.89%，849例）、尿路感染（10.53%，469例）和上呼吸道感染。相对较大的患者群体属于原因不明发热或低热的患者（7.35%，327例）以及文件中未提供任何抗生素治疗原因证据的患者（6.4%，285例）。在这些患者群体中（每六例或每五例中就有一例），我们无法认为抗生素适应症有充分依据。最常用的抗生素是第二代头孢菌素。医院感染率平均为6.78%。结果以图表形式展示。
