Rosen M I, Pearsall H R, Woods S W, Kosten T R
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA.
J Subst Abuse Treat. 1997 Mar-Apr;14(2):149-54. doi: 10.1016/s0740-5472(96)00157-2.
Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is a GABA metabolite used clinically for sleep induction. The abuse liability of GHB is controversial. As part of a study of the effect of GHB pretreatment on naloxone-precipitated opiate withdrawal, eight opioid-stabilized subjects received a balanced, randomized, double-blind sequence of oral placebo, GHB 15 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg. GHB had no consistent physiological effects. After GHB and prior to naloxone, subjects rated "sluggish," "spaced," "carefree," and "good-mood" higher after GHB 30 mg/kg than after placebo. Subjects identified the 30 mg/kg dose as most similar to placebo (n = 3), benzodiazepine (n = 2), opiate (n = 2), and alcohol (n = 1).
γ-羟基丁酸（GHB）是一种γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）代谢产物，临床上用于诱导睡眠。GHB的滥用倾向存在争议。作为GHB预处理对纳洛酮诱发的阿片类药物戒断影响研究的一部分，八名阿片类药物稳定的受试者接受了口服安慰剂、15mg/kg和30mg/kg GHB的平衡、随机、双盲序列。GHB没有一致的生理效应。在服用GHB后且在注射纳洛酮之前，与服用安慰剂后相比，30mg/kg GHB组的受试者对“行动迟缓”“精神恍惚”“无忧无虑”和“心情愉悦”的评分更高。受试者认为30mg/kg剂量与安慰剂（3人）、苯二氮䓬类药物（2人）、阿片类药物（2人）和酒精（1人）最为相似。
