Powell-Griner E, Anderson J E, Murphy W
Division of Adult and Community Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, USA.
MMWR CDC Surveill Summ. 1997 Aug 1;46(3):1-31.
PROBLEM/CONDITION: High-risk behaviors (e.g., cigarette smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and physical inactivity) and lack of preventive health care (e.g., screening for cancer) are associated with chronic disease- and injury-related morbidity and mortality. States use the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) to collect data about these modifiable health behaviors and to monitor trends and changes in the prevalence of behavioral risk factors in state populations. BRFSS data also are used to monitor progress toward the year 2000 national health objectives.
1994 and 1995.
The BRFSS is a state-based telephone survey of the civilian, noninstitutionalized, adult (persons > or =18 years of age) population. In 1994, 49 states and the District of Columbia participated in the BRFSS; in 1995, 50 states participated.
As in previous years, there were state-specific variations in the prevalences of high-risk behaviors, awareness of certain medical conditions, use of preventive health services, and health-care coverage. Selected findings for 1995 were that 22.4% of adults reported being current cigarette smokers (range: 13.2%-27.8%); the percentage of adults who reported driving after drinking too much alcohol ranged from 0.6% to 5.2% (median: 2.3%); and among adults aged > or =65 years, 36.8% (range: 11.4%-46.6%) reported ever having had a pneumococcal vaccination and 59.2% (range: 44.2%-70.0%) reported having had an influenza vaccination within the past 1 year.
State-specific variations in prevalence may reflect differences in population composition, socioeconomic factors, state laws enacted to discourage high-risk behaviors, levels of effort to screen for certain diseases and physiological conditions, and other factors. ACTION TAKEN: States continue to use the BRFSS to monitor risk factors associated with chronic disease- and injury-related morbidity and mortality and to develop public health programs and policies to address these problems. BRFSS data continue to be important in assessing progress toward national year 2000 and state health objectives.
问题/状况：高危行为（如吸烟、过度饮酒和缺乏体育锻炼）以及缺乏预防性医疗保健（如癌症筛查）与慢性病和伤害相关的发病率及死亡率有关。各州利用行为风险因素监测系统（BRFSS）收集有关这些可改变的健康行为的数据，并监测各州人群中行为风险因素流行率的趋势和变化。BRFSS数据还用于监测在实现2000年国家健康目标方面的进展情况。
1994年和1995年。
BRFSS是一项基于州的针对平民、非机构化成年人（年龄≥18岁）的电话调查。1994年，49个州和哥伦比亚特区参与了BRFSS；1995年，50个州参与。
与前几年一样，高危行为的流行率、对某些医疗状况的知晓率、预防性医疗服务的使用率以及医疗保健覆盖率存在州与州之间的差异。1995年的部分调查结果如下：22.4%的成年人报告目前吸烟（范围：13.2% - 27.8%）；报告酒后驾车的成年人比例在0.6%至5.2%之间（中位数：2.3%）；在年龄≥65岁的成年人中，36.8%（范围：11.4% - 46.6%）报告曾接种过肺炎球菌疫苗，59.2%（范围：44.2% - 70.0%）报告在过去1年内接种过流感疫苗。
流行率的州与州之间的差异可能反映了人口构成、社会经济因素、为劝阻高危行为而制定的州法律、对某些疾病和生理状况的筛查力度以及其他因素的不同。采取的行动：各州继续利用BRFSS监测与慢性病和伤害相关的发病率及死亡率相关的风险因素，并制定公共卫生项目和政策来解决这些问题。BRFSS数据在评估实现2000年国家目标和各州健康目标的进展方面仍然很重要。
