Al-Jaddou H, Malkawi A
Department of Community Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1997 Jul;96(1):31-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1997.tb09901.x.
This study examined the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and assessed factors that are assumed to be related to recognition of this morbidity among clinical patients. A total of 794 patients aged 18 years or older participated in the study. Using an Arabic-translated version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity was found to be 61%. The highest prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders were found in the 40 years and older age group, in female subjects, in uneducated and highly educated groups, in unemployed individuals, and in patients who were perceived to have 'fair' or 'poor' physical health. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that unemployment and perceived severity of physical illness were positively correlated with psychiatric disorders, but no significant correlation was found with sex, age or level of education. The physicians in the present study were able to detect morbidity in only 24% of the patients. Among patients with psychiatric disorders, recognition of this morbidity was significantly greater in women, in patients who had consulted with their family doctors, in patients previously known to their physicians, and in patients with mild physical illness than in their counterparts. The most common lines of psychiatric management used in this study were referral to psychiatrists (47%) and psychotropic medication (16%).
本研究调查了精神障碍的患病率，并评估了临床患者中被认为与该发病率识别相关的因素。共有794名18岁及以上的患者参与了该研究。使用阿拉伯语翻译版的一般健康问卷（GHQ-28），发现精神疾病的患病率为61%。精神障碍患病率最高的是40岁及以上年龄组、女性、未受过教育和受过高等教育的群体、失业者以及被认为身体健康“一般”或“较差”的患者。多元逻辑回归分析显示，失业和感知到的身体疾病严重程度与精神障碍呈正相关，但与性别、年龄或教育程度未发现显著相关性。本研究中的医生仅能在24%的患者中检测到发病情况。在患有精神障碍的患者中，女性、咨询过家庭医生的患者、医生之前认识的患者以及身体疾病较轻的患者对这种发病情况的识别明显高于其对应人群。本研究中最常用的精神科治疗方法是转诊至精神科医生（47%）和使用精神药物（16%）。
