Boyhtari M E, Cardinal B J
Detroit Medical Center, Mich, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 1997 Aug;97(8):851-5. doi: 10.1016/s0002-8223(97)00208-3.
The purpose of this study was to examine dietitians' and physicians' perceptions regarding the role of clinical dietitians.
Four hundred ten physicians and clinical dietitians were randomly identified from the American Board of Medical Specialties Directory of Board Certified Medical Specialists and from Michigan district dietetic association directories. A survey containing demographic, situational, and role and responsibility questions was administered.
Cronbach's alpha coefficient was computed to determine the internal consistency of the measurement instrument. A series of two-tailed t tests was performed to determine between-group differences on the perception questions. Analysis of covariance was completed to control for potential confounds. chi 2 Tests were performed to determine the relationship among a change of diet order question and participants' occupation, area of specialty, and practice setting.
Of the surveys mailed, 73% were returned and 58% overall were usable. The internal consistency of the measure was .72. Most dietitians' and physicians' responses to the role and responsibility questions differed significantly, with particularly large differences noted for 6 of 10 questions; however, "total score" differences were not significant. Significant associations were found for the level of specialization and type of occupation on the change of diet order question.
APPLICATION/CONCLUSIONS: Routine contact, communication, and interaction between physicians and dietitians are vital if physicians are to know dietitians' responsibilities and competencies and collaborate with them when providing medical nutrition therapy to patients. Future studies that differentiate areas of responsibility of clinical dietitians and inquire into dietitians' and physicians' interactions during their education or training may provide further insights into this topic.
本研究旨在调查营养师和医生对临床营养师角色的看法。
从美国医学专业委员会认证医学专家名录以及密歇根地区营养师协会名录中随机挑选出410名医生和临床营养师。进行了一项包含人口统计学、情境以及角色和责任问题的调查。
计算克朗巴哈系数以确定测量工具的内部一致性。进行了一系列双尾t检验以确定在认知问题上的组间差异。完成了协方差分析以控制潜在的混杂因素。进行卡方检验以确定饮食医嘱变更问题与参与者的职业、专业领域和执业环境之间的关系。
在邮寄的调查问卷中，73%被退回，总体58%可用。该测量的内部一致性为0.72。大多数营养师和医生对角色和责任问题的回答存在显著差异，10个问题中有6个差异尤为明显；然而，“总分”差异不显著。在饮食医嘱变更问题上，发现专业水平和职业类型之间存在显著关联。
应用/结论：如果医生要了解营养师的职责和能力，并在为患者提供医学营养治疗时与他们合作，医生和营养师之间的常规联系、沟通和互动至关重要。未来区分临床营养师责任领域并探究营养师和医生在教育或培训期间互动情况的研究可能会为该主题提供进一步的见解。
