Clayton H M
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
Equine Vet J Suppl. 1990 Jun(9):86-90. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1990.tb04742.x.
High speed cinematography was used to describe the stride kinematics in a group of six, sound horses subjected to two farriery treatments, designated 'normal' and 'acute' hoof angulation. Normal was defined as having the dorsal hoof wall aligned with the pastern axis, whereas the acute hoof angulation was approximately 10 degrees lower than the normal angle for the individual horse. The acute angle was achieved by allowing the toes to grow relatively longer than the heels. The results of a multivariate analysis of variance showed significant differences between the two farriery treatments in the mode of hoof impact with the ground and the duration of breakover. The acute angulation was associated with fewer heel-first impacts and a greater number of toe-first impacts than the normal angulation (P < 0.01). Breakover time was prolonged with the acute angulation (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences between the two farriery treatments in stride length, duration of the suspension phase of the stride or duration of the stance phases of the fore or hind limbs (P > 0.05). The fight arc of the toe was similar for the normal and acute hoof angles, reaching its highest point shortly after lift off, after which the toe followed a low fight path. There was an elevation of the toe in preparation for heel-first or flat-foot impact, but when impact was toe-first the trace approached the ground smoothly at a more acute angle.
采用高速摄影技术描述了一组6匹健康马匹在两种蹄铁处理方式下的步幅运动学特征，这两种处理方式分别为“正常”和“急性”蹄角。正常定义为蹄背壁与系部轴对齐，而急性蹄角比个体马匹的正常角度低约10度。通过让蹄尖比蹄踵生长得相对更长来实现锐角。多变量方差分析结果显示，两种蹄铁处理方式在蹄与地面接触方式和过度期持续时间上存在显著差异。与正常蹄角相比，急性蹄角导致蹄踵先着地的次数减少，蹄尖先着地的次数增加（P < 0.01）。急性蹄角会延长过度期时间（P < 0.01）。两种蹄铁处理方式在步幅长度、步幅悬浮期持续时间或前肢或后肢站立期持续时间上没有显著差异（P > 0.05）。正常蹄角和急性蹄角的蹄尖飞行弧线相似，在离地后不久达到最高点，之后蹄尖沿着较低的飞行路径。在准备蹄踵先着地或平足着地时，蹄尖会抬起，但当蹄尖先着地时，轨迹会以更锐角平滑地接近地面。
