Roberts M W, Lieff S, Seale N S
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, USA.
Pediatr Dent. 1997 Jul-Aug;19(5):317-20.
A questionnaire addressing factors that affect career choices by pediatric dentistry advanced education students was mailed to 52 training programs. Two hundred and thirty-two completed surveys from 45 responding programs were returned. The responses were analyzed for women and men and citizens and noncitizens. Concern for spouse career opportunities affected women's personal career decisions significantly more (P < 0.05) than it did for men. Women rated previous federal/military experience significantly less (P < 0.05) influential on their career choice than did men. Geographic preference when making career decisions was significantly more (P < 0.001) important to citizens than it was for noncitizens. Noncitizens assigned significantly higher (P < 0.001) ratings to an interest in teaching and research than did citizens. A preference for practicing with a parent or relative and previous federal/military experience affected career choices by noncitizens significantly more (P < 0.05) than they did citizens. This study suggests that numerous career-influencing factors in pediatric dentistry are perceived differently by women and men, and citizens and noncitizens.
一份针对儿科学高级教育学生职业选择影响因素的调查问卷被邮寄给了52个培训项目。从45个回复项目中收到了232份完整的调查问卷。对女性与男性、公民与非公民的回复进行了分析。对配偶职业机会的担忧对女性个人职业决策的影响显著大于男性（P < 0.05）。女性认为先前的联邦/军事经历对其职业选择的影响明显小于男性（P < 0.05）。做出职业决策时的地理偏好对公民的重要性显著高于非公民（P < 0.001）。非公民对教学和研究兴趣的评分显著高于公民（P < 0.001）。与父母或亲属一起执业的偏好以及先前的联邦/军事经历对非公民职业选择的影响显著大于公民（P < 0.05）。这项研究表明，儿科学中众多影响职业的因素在女性与男性、公民与非公民之间的认知存在差异。
