Enders A C
Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
Microsc Res Tech. 1997;38(1-2):3-20. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19970701/15)38:1/2<3::AID-JEMT3>3.0.CO;2-K.
The structure of cytotrophoblast cells in cell columns of the anchoring villi and trophoblastic shell were studied by light and transmission electron microscopy during days 19-70 of pregnancy in the macaque. Additional placentas were prepared for 3H-thymidine autoradiography to demonstrate DNA synthesis. The cell columns of the anchoring villi consist of proximal, mid, and distal regions, and similarly the trophoblastic shell has a region forming the base of the intervillous space, a central zone, and a junctional zone. The proximal region of the cell column is composed of closely apposed, largely undifferentiated cytotrophoblast cells lacking intercellular space. In the mid region, the cells, which contain segregated glycogen areas, are separated into branching strands by extensive extracellular matrix. The distal zone abuts the trophoblastic shell and has fewer mostly peripheral cytotrophoblast cells and abundant matrix. Where cytotrophoblast of the shell is exposed to intervillous space or underlies syncytial trophoblast bordering the intervillous space, pads of cuboidal cells are seen. The central zone of the shell is arranged in strands of contiguous cells. Near the maternal junctional zone, the cells have fewer junctional regions and contain lipid rather than glycogen. Results of thymidine incorporation studies are consistent with observations of others using Ki67 distribution, indicating that cell replication occurs in the proximal region of the cell column, with subsequent migration of cells into the trophoblastic shell. Changes with age include an increase in extracellular matrix in the proximal region, a more linear organization in the expanded central zone of the shell, and a decrease in necrosis at the junction of the shell with endometrium, resulting in close association of shell cytotrophoblast cells, maternal decidual cells, large granular lymphocytes, and macrophages. It is concluded that the cytotrophoblast of the cell columns and trophoblastic shell is a pleomorphic cell type responding to adjacent constituents including the matrix it forms.
在猕猴怀孕19至70天期间，通过光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜对固定绒毛的细胞柱和滋养层壳中的细胞滋养层细胞结构进行了研究。制备了额外的胎盘用于3H-胸腺嘧啶核苷放射自显影以证明DNA合成。固定绒毛的细胞柱由近端、中部和远端区域组成，同样，滋养层壳有一个形成绒毛间隙底部的区域、一个中央区和一个连接区。细胞柱的近端区域由紧密并列、基本未分化且缺乏细胞间隙的细胞滋养层细胞组成。在中部区域，含有分离糖原区域的细胞被广泛的细胞外基质分隔成分支链。远端区邻接滋养层壳，细胞滋养层细胞大多位于周边且数量较少，基质丰富。在壳的细胞滋养层暴露于绒毛间隙处或位于与绒毛间隙相邻的合体滋养层下方时，可见立方形细胞垫。壳的中央区由连续的细胞链排列而成。靠近母体连接区，细胞的连接区域较少，含有脂质而非糖原。胸腺嘧啶核苷掺入研究结果与其他人使用Ki67分布的观察结果一致，表明细胞复制发生在细胞柱的近端区域，随后细胞迁移到滋养层壳中。随年龄的变化包括近端区域细胞外基质增加、壳的扩展中央区组织更呈线性以及壳与子宫内膜交界处坏死减少，导致壳细胞滋养层细胞、母体蜕膜细胞、大颗粒淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞紧密相连。结论是，细胞柱和滋养层壳的细胞滋养层是一种多形细胞类型，对包括其形成的基质在内的相邻成分作出反应。
