Detection of homocytotropic antibody in lambs infested with the louse, Bovicola ovis, using a basophil histamine-release assay.

The utility of a basophil histamine-release assay using washed whole blood cells was examined in lambs and was used to determine if homocytotropic antibody with specificity for Bovicola ovis was produced in response to infestation with the louse. Maximal histamine release in the assay in response to Concanavalin A, anti-ovine IgE monoclonal antibody and, in sensitized lambs, to B. ovis antigen ranged from 18 to 48%. Histamine release from blood cells in response to B. ovis antigen was significantly higher in louse-infested lambs than in louse-naive lambs and was significantly correlated with louse and cockle scores. Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) tests were negative with sera obtained from the lambs at the same time as blood for the basophil histamine-release assay. Serum histamine levels also were significantly higher in the louse-infested lambs than in louse-naive lambs and were significantly correlated with louse and cockle scores. The present results support a role for B. ovis-specific homocytotropic antibody in the development of cockle and indicate that the basophil histamine-release assay is more sensitive than the PCA test.