Jensen A M, Raff M C
MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
Dev Biol. 1997 Aug 15;188(2):267-79. doi: 10.1006/dbio.1997.8645.
All neural cell types in the vertebrate retina, except astrocytes, have been shown to develop from multipotential progenitor cells. It is not known, however, to what extent the progenitor cells are heterogeneous in their developmental potential or to what extent cell-cell interactions versus cell-autonomous factors influence the types of cells they become. To address these issues we developed a clonal-density cell culture system where mouse retinal progenitor cells can survive, divide, and differentiate. We followed the development of clones both by continuous time-lapse video microscopy and by daily microscopic observation. We show that even when cultured at clonal density in a homogeneous general environment, where they cannot contact cells outside their own clone, the retinal progenitor cells vary in proliferative capacity, cell cycle time, and in the cell types that they generate. In addition, we show that under these conditions single progenitor cells can generate both neurons and glia, in which case the neurons almost always develop before glial cells, as is the case in vivo.
脊椎动物视网膜中除星形胶质细胞外的所有神经细胞类型，均已被证明是由多能祖细胞发育而来。然而，目前尚不清楚这些祖细胞在发育潜能上的异质性程度，以及细胞间相互作用与细胞自主因子对其最终分化形成的细胞类型的影响程度。为了解决这些问题，我们开发了一种克隆密度细胞培养系统，在该系统中，小鼠视网膜祖细胞能够存活、分裂并分化。我们通过连续的延时视频显微镜和每日显微镜观察来跟踪克隆的发育过程。我们发现，即使在克隆密度下于均匀的一般环境中培养，即它们无法与自身克隆之外的细胞接触时，视网膜祖细胞在增殖能力、细胞周期时长以及所产生的细胞类型方面仍存在差异。此外，我们还表明，在这些条件下，单个祖细胞能够同时产生神经元和神经胶质细胞，而且在这种情况下，神经元几乎总是比神经胶质细胞先发育，这与体内情况一致。
