Grunwald M H, Shriker O, Halevy S, Alkan M, Levy R
Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Soroka Medical Center of Kupat Holim, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Int J Dermatol. 1997 Jul;36(7):509-13. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-4362.1997.00195.x.
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LV) is characterized by segmental inflammation of small blood vessels, resulting in ischemic damage to the surrounding tissue. It is considered to be related to a type III hypersensitivity reaction, although the exact etiologic mechanism is not clear.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate neutrophil functions in patients with LV in order to understand their role in the pathogenesis of the disease.
Neutrophil functions were examined in 25 LV patients. The patients were divided into two groups: Group A consisted of 14 patients with drug-induced LV and Group B consisted of 11 patients where LV was induced by other factors.
Both groups of patients showed significantly reduced chemotaxis and phagocytosis. Superoxide generation was significantly lower (P < 0.001) only in neutrophils from patients in Group A: 5.8 +/- 0.5 nmoles O2/10(6) cells/min compared to 9.08 +/- 0.8 nmoles O2/10(6) cells/min in the controls. Preincubation on normal neutrophils with the patients' sera caused an increase in their superoxide generation in accordance with the high IL-8 levels in these sera.
Neutrophil functions were significantly impaired in patients with LV. It is likely that factors present in LV plasma may chronically activate neutrophils, so that they become refractory to further stimulation. Our study showed that neutrophil superoxide generation is low only in drug-induced LV; this test may assist in distinguishing such patients from those with LV induced by other causes.
白细胞破碎性血管炎（LV）的特征是小血管的节段性炎症，导致周围组织的缺血性损伤。尽管确切的病因机制尚不清楚，但它被认为与III型超敏反应有关。
本研究的目的是评估LV患者的中性粒细胞功能，以了解它们在疾病发病机制中的作用。
对25例LV患者的中性粒细胞功能进行了检测。患者分为两组：A组由14例药物性LV患者组成，B组由11例由其他因素引起LV的患者组成。
两组患者的趋化性和吞噬作用均显著降低。仅A组患者中性粒细胞的超氧化物生成显著降低（P<0.001）：5.8±0.5纳摩尔O2/10(6)细胞/分钟，而对照组为9.08±0.8纳摩尔O2/10(6)细胞/分钟。用患者血清对正常中性粒细胞进行预孵育，根据这些血清中高IL-8水平，导致其超氧化物生成增加。
LV患者的中性粒细胞功能显著受损。LV血浆中存在的因素可能会长期激活中性粒细胞，使其对进一步刺激变得难治。我们的研究表明，仅在药物性LV中中性粒细胞超氧化物生成较低；该检测可能有助于将此类患者与其他原因引起的LV患者区分开来。
