Sasso R C, Meyer P R, Heinemann A W, Van Aken J, Hastie B
Northwestern University Medical School, Midwest Regional Spinal Cord Injury Center, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Illinois, USA.
J Spinal Disord. 1997 Aug;10(4):325-8.
The relation between seat-belt use and neurologic injury was examined for the 1,352 patients who had spinal injuries as the result of motor vehicle crashes and were subsequently admitted to the Midwest Regional Spinal Cord Injury Center at Northwestern University between 1971 and 1993. Intact lesions were observed in 44% of patients (Frankel level E), complete lesions in 28% (Frankel A), sensory intact lesions in 8% (Frankel B), motor intact lesions in 5% (Frankel C), and functional motor lesions in 14% (Frankel D). Whereas only 14% of the sample were wearing seat belts, 60% of the belted and 41% of the unbelted vehicle occupants had intact lesions. The odds of surviving a motor vehicle crash with an intact injury were greater for patients who were wearing a lap or shoulder belt (odds = 1.57) for women (odds = 0.63) and for patients whose injury occurred more recently (odds = 1.05). The relation between position in the vehicle and extent of injury was strongest for rear passengers: intact lesions were sustained by 73% of belted and 35% of unbelted rear passengers, whereas complete lesions were sustained by 9% of the belted and 21% of the unbelted rear passengers. In conclusion, seat belts appear to be an effective means of decreasing the extent of neurologic deficit in those sustaining spinal injuries caused by motor vehicle crashes. The results of this study support injury-prevention efforts that emphasize lap- and shoulder-belt use.
对1971年至1993年间因机动车碰撞导致脊柱损伤并随后被收治入西北大学中西部地区脊髓损伤中心的1352例患者，研究了安全带使用与神经损伤之间的关系。44%的患者观察到损伤完整（Frankel E级），28%为完全损伤（Frankel A级），8%为感觉完整损伤（Frankel B级），5%为运动完整损伤（Frankel C级），14%为功能性运动损伤（Frankel D级）。尽管样本中只有14%的人系安全带，但系安全带的车内乘客中有60%损伤完整，未系安全带的车内乘客中有41%损伤完整。对于系腰安全带或肩安全带的患者（优势比=1.57）、女性患者（优势比=0.63）以及损伤发生时间更近的患者（优势比=1.05），机动车碰撞后损伤完整存活的几率更高。车内位置与损伤程度之间的关系在后排乘客中最为明显：系安全带的后排乘客中有73%损伤完整，未系安全带的后排乘客中有35%损伤完整；而系安全带的后排乘客中有9%为完全损伤，未系安全带的后排乘客中有21%为完全损伤。总之，安全带似乎是减少因机动车碰撞导致脊柱损伤患者神经功能缺损程度的有效手段。本研究结果支持强调使用腰安全带和肩安全带的预防损伤措施。
