Wolever T M, Hegele R A, Connelly P W, Ransom T P, Story J A, Furumoto E J, Jenkins D J
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Sep;66(3):584-90. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/66.3.584.
To determine the long-term effect of soluble fiber on postprandial fat metabolism, we studied 33 dyslipidemic subjects, 16 with apolipoprotein (apo) E3/3 (E3) and 17 with E3/4 or E4/4 (E4) genotypes. They ate preweighed low-fat (20% of energy), high-fiber (> 5.7 g/MJ) diets for two 4-mo periods separated by a 2-mo washout period according to a randomized, crossover design. One diet contained foods rich in insoluble fiber and the other foods rich in soluble fiber. On 1 d during the last 2 wk of each diet, subjects ingested a standard, fiber-free, fatty liquid meal containing retinyl palmitate as a marker of intestinally derived lipoproteins. Plasma samples were obtained at hourly intervals for 10 h. Compared with the insoluble-fiber diet, soluble fiber reduced fasting plasma total cholesterol in both E3 (6.6 +/- 2.1%, P = 0.007)and E4 subjects (5.6 +/- 2.1%, P = 0.017). Soluble fiber increased fecal total bile acid output in both E3 (76 +/- 18%, P < 0.001) and E4 subjects (85 +/- 19%, P < 0.001). The incremental area under the chylomicron triacylglycerol response curve was significantly greater after soluble fiber than after insoluble fiber in E3 (3.56 +/- 0.56 compared with 2.87 +/- 0.38 mmol x h/L, respectively, P = 0.046) but not in E4 subjects (5.19 +/- 0.78 compared with 4.92 +/- 0.81 mmol x h/L). Kinetic analysis suggested an increase in retinyl palmitate absorption in E3 subjects after soluble fiber, but no difference in E4 subjects. These results suggest that a long-term increase in dietary soluble fiber has no effect on postprandial fat metabolism in subjects with an apo E3/4 or E4/4 genotype. However, soluble fiber enhances apparent fat absorption in E3 subjects, which could be due to an increased bile acid pool and increased micelle formation.
为了确定可溶性纤维对餐后脂肪代谢的长期影响，我们研究了33名血脂异常受试者，其中16名载脂蛋白（apo）E3/3（E3）基因型和17名E3/4或E4/4（E4）基因型。他们按照随机交叉设计，在两个为期4个月的时间段内食用预先称重的低脂（占能量的20%）、高纤维（>5.7克/兆焦耳）饮食，中间间隔2个月的洗脱期。一种饮食包含富含不溶性纤维的食物，另一种包含富含可溶性纤维的食物。在每种饮食的最后2周中的1天，受试者摄入含有棕榈酸视黄酯作为肠道来源脂蛋白标志物的标准、无纤维、高脂肪液体餐。每小时采集血浆样本，共采集10小时。与不溶性纤维饮食相比，可溶性纤维使E3受试者（6.6±2.1%，P = 0.007）和E4受试者（5.6±2.1%，P = 0.017）的空腹血浆总胆固醇降低。可溶性纤维使E3受试者（76±18%，P < 0.001）和E4受试者（85±19%，P < 0.001）的粪便总胆汁酸排出量增加。在E3受试者中，可溶性纤维后乳糜微粒三酰甘油反应曲线下的增量面积显著大于不溶性纤维后（分别为3.56±0.56与2.87±0.38毫摩尔·小时/升，P = 0.046），但在E4受试者中无差异（5.19±0.78与4.92±0.81毫摩尔·小时/升）。动力学分析表明，可溶性纤维后E3受试者中棕榈酸视黄酯的吸收增加，但E4受试者中无差异。这些结果表明，长期增加饮食中的可溶性纤维对apo E3/4或E4/4基因型受试者的餐后脂肪代谢没有影响。然而，可溶性纤维增强了E3受试者中明显的脂肪吸收，这可能是由于胆汁酸池增加和微胶粒形成增加所致。
