Fergusson D M, Horwood L J, Lynskey M T
Department of Psychological Medicine, Christchurch Health & Development Study, Christchurch School of Medicine, New Zealand.
Child Abuse Negl. 1997 Aug;21(8):789-803. doi: 10.1016/s0145-2134(97)00039-2.
The aims of this study were to examine the extent to which exposure to childhood sexual abuse (CSA) was associated with increased rates of sexual risk taking behaviors and sexual revictimization during adolescence.
A birth cohort of 520 New Zealand born young women was studied at regular intervals from birth to the age of 18. At age 18 retrospective reports of CSA were obtained from sample members. Over the course of the 18 year study information was gathered on: (a) childhood, family, and related circumstances; and (b) the young women's history of sexual experiences from 14 to 18 years.
Young women reporting CSA, and particularly severe CSA involving intercourse, had significantly higher rates of early onset consensual sexual activity, teenage pregnancy, multiple sexual partners, unprotected intercourse, sexually transmitted disease, and sexual assault after the age of 16. Logistic regression analyses suggested that the associations between CSA and sexual outcomes in adolescence arose by two routes. First, exposure to CSA was associated with a series of childhood and family factors including social disadvantage, family instability, impaired parent child relationships, and parental adjustment difficulties that were also associated with increased sexual vulnerability in adolescence. Second, there appeared to be a causal chain relationship between CSA and sexual experiences in which CSA was associated with early onset sexual activity which, in turn, led to heightened risks of other adverse outcomes in adolescence.
The findings of this study suggest that those exposed to CSA have greater sexual vulnerability during adolescence. This appears to arise because: (a) the childhood and family factors that are associated with CSA are also associated with increased sexual risks during adolescence; and (b) exposure to CSA may encourage early onset sexual activity which places those exposed to CSA at greater sexual risk over the period of adolescence.
本研究旨在探讨童年期遭受性虐待（CSA）与青少年期性冒险行为及再次遭受性侵害发生率增加之间的关联程度。
对520名在新西兰出生的年轻女性出生队列从出生到18岁进行定期研究。在18岁时从样本成员处获取关于CSA的回顾性报告。在18年的研究过程中收集了以下信息：（a）童年、家庭及相关情况；（b）这些年轻女性14至18岁期间的性经历史。
报告有CSA经历的年轻女性，尤其是涉及性交的严重CSA，在16岁后自愿性活动过早开始、少女怀孕、有多个性伴侣、无保护性交、性传播疾病及遭受性侵犯的发生率显著更高。逻辑回归分析表明，CSA与青少年期性结果之间的关联通过两条途径产生。首先，遭受CSA与一系列童年和家庭因素相关，包括社会劣势、家庭不稳定、亲子关系受损以及父母适应困难，这些因素也与青少年期性易感性增加有关。其次，CSA与性经历之间似乎存在因果链关系，其中CSA与性活动过早开始相关，而这反过来又导致青少年期出现其他不良后果的风险增加。
本研究结果表明，遭受CSA的人在青少年期有更大的性易感性。这似乎是因为：（a）与CSA相关的童年和家庭因素也与青少年期性风险增加有关；（b）遭受CSA可能会促使性活动过早开始，这使遭受CSA的人在青少年期面临更大的性风险。
