Kenney J W, Reinholtz C, Angelini P J
College of Nursing, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 1997 Jul;21(1):3-10. doi: 10.1016/s1054-139x(97)00035-9.
This study examined ethnic differences in childhood and adolescent sexual abuse and the effect on teenage pregnancy rates.
A 20-page questionnaire elicited information about women's sexual and pregnancy history, high-risk behaviors, and sexual abuse, based a modified version of the Koss and Oros Sexual Experiences Survey. Over 1,900 women between 18 and 22 years old were recruited at 44 urban and rural sites. Women representing four ethnic groups completed an English or Spanish version of the questionnaire.
Almost 36% of the women reported sex abuse before age 18 years of age, and more than 26% were pregnant before reaching 18 years old (teenage pregnancy). Compared with their nonabused peers, twice as many women who were coerced into sex or raped had a teenage pregnancy. Minority group teens were more likely than Anglos to have a teenage pregnancy and to have been coerced into having sex, rather than raped, prior to teenage pregnancy.
Over one-third of pregnant teenagers in this study have been sexually abused, usually involving sexual intercourse, prior to becoming pregnant. Coercive sexual abuse is more likely to contribute to teenage pregnancy among minority group teens, whereas rape is more likely to contribute to a teenage pregnancy among Anglos.
本研究调查了儿童期和青少年期性虐待方面的种族差异及其对青少年怀孕率的影响。
一份20页的问卷基于科斯和奥罗斯性经历调查问卷的修改版，收集了有关女性性史、怀孕史、高危行为及性虐待的信息。在44个城乡地点招募了1900多名18至22岁的女性。代表四个种族群体的女性完成了英文或西班牙文版的问卷。
近36%的女性报告在18岁之前遭受过性虐待，超过26%的女性在18岁之前怀孕（青少年怀孕）。与未遭受虐待的同龄人相比，被迫发生性行为或被强奸的女性青少年怀孕的几率是前者的两倍。少数族裔青少年比盎格鲁人更有可能在青少年时期怀孕，并且在青少年怀孕之前更有可能是被迫发生性行为，而非被强奸。
在本研究中，超过三分之一的怀孕青少年在怀孕前遭受过性虐待，通常涉及性交。强迫性性虐待在少数族裔青少年中更有可能导致青少年怀孕，而强奸在盎格鲁青少年中更有可能导致青少年怀孕。
