Sandyk R
Department of Neuroscience, Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Rehabilitation Services, Touro College, Dix Hills, NY 11746, USA.
Int J Neurosci. 1997 Jun;90(1-2):75-86. doi: 10.3109/00207459709000627.
Absent or markedly reduced REM sleep with cessation of dream recall has been documented in numerous neurological disorders associated with subcortical dementia including Parkinson's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy and Huntington's chorea. This report concerns a 69 year old Parkinsonian patient who experienced complete cessation of dreaming since the onset of motor disability 13 years ago. Long term treatment with levodopa and dopamine (DA) receptor agonists (bromocriptine and pergolide mesylate) did not affect dream recall. However, dreaming was restored after the patient received three treatment sessions with AC pulsed picotesla range electromagnetic fields (EMFs) applied extracranially over three successive days. Six months later, during which time the patient received 3 additional treatment sessions with EMFs, he reported dreaming vividly with intense colored visual imagery almost every night with some of the dreams having sexual content. In addition, he began to experience hypnagogic imagery prior to the onset of sleep. Cessation of dream recall has been associated with right hemispheric dysfunction and its restoration by treatment with EMFs points to right hemispheric activation, which is supported by improvement in this patient's visual memory known to be subserved by the right temporal lobe. Moreover, since DA neurons activate REM sleep mechanisms and facilitate dream recall, it appears that application of EMFs enhanced DA activity in the mesolimbic system which has been implicated in dream recall. Also, since administration of pineal melatonin has been reported to induce vivid dreams with intense colored visual imagery in normal subjects and narcoleptic patients, it is suggested that enhanced nocturnal melatonin secretion was associated with restoration of dream recall in this patient. These findings demonstrate that unlike chronic levodopa therapy, intermittent pulsed applications of AC picotesla EMFs may induce in Parkinsonism reactivation of reticular-limbic-pineal systems involved in the generation of dreaming.
在包括帕金森病、进行性核上性麻痹和亨廷顿舞蹈症等与皮质下痴呆相关的众多神经疾病中，已记录到快速眼动（REM）睡眠缺失或显著减少，同时梦境回忆停止。本报告涉及一名69岁的帕金森病患者，自13年前出现运动功能障碍以来就完全停止了做梦。长期使用左旋多巴和多巴胺（DA）受体激动剂（溴隐亭和甲磺酸培高利特）治疗并未影响梦境回忆。然而，在患者连续三天接受经颅外施加的交流电皮特斯拉范围电磁场（EMF）三个疗程的治疗后，做梦恢复了。六个月后，在此期间患者又接受了3个疗程的EMF治疗，他报告几乎每晚都有生动的梦境，伴有强烈的彩色视觉意象，有些梦境还有性内容。此外，他在入睡之前开始出现睡前意象。梦境回忆停止与右半球功能障碍有关，而通过EMF治疗使其恢复表明右半球被激活，这得到了该患者视觉记忆改善的支持，已知右侧颞叶负责视觉记忆。此外，由于DA神经元激活REM睡眠机制并促进梦境回忆，似乎EMF的应用增强了中脑边缘系统中的DA活性，而该系统与梦境回忆有关。而且，由于据报道给予松果体褪黑素可在正常受试者和发作性睡病患者中诱导出伴有强烈彩色视觉意象的生动梦境，因此提示夜间褪黑素分泌增加与该患者梦境回忆的恢复有关。这些发现表明，与慢性左旋多巴治疗不同，间歇性脉冲施加交流电皮特斯拉EMF可能会在帕金森病中诱导参与梦境产生的网状 - 边缘 - 松果体系统重新激活。
