Ureteroscopic management of lower ureteral stones: two years' experience.

A total of 140 ureteroscopies in 119 patients done between January 1992 and December 1994 at the Department of Urology, Hacettepe University Hospital, were reviewed. Factors such as previous ESWL therapy, previous surgery and use of in situ lithotripsy were noted. Success was defined as complete removal or disintegration and partial removal of the lower ureteral stones. All successes were confirmed by plain abdominal X-rays postoperatively. Of 140 stone manipulations attempted in 119 patients 106 (75.7%) were successful (in 80 by retrieval and in 26 by disintegration using electrohydraulic or laser). Perforation occurred in 4 of 13 cases where electrohydraulic lithotripsy was used for disintegration of stones. Extraction by ureteroscopic manipulation following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) was successful in all of the 12 cases of lower ureteral calculi. The success rate was found to be low for lower ureteral stones in patients with previous open surgery (2/9). A total of 43.2% of the patients were medically indicated to be hospitalized following the procedure with a mean hospitalization time of 5 days (ranging in between 1 to 7 days). Ureteroscopy is an effective method for management of lower ureteral stones. Use of the electrohydraulic lithotriptor may be associated with a high percentage of complications. Previous ESWL may be associated with a high rate of success. Results in patients with previous open surgery are not encouraging. Although all patients can be subjected to the procedure on an outpatient basis, a significant percentage need a short hospitalization.