Joesoef M R, Linnan M, Barakbah Y, Idajadi A, Kambodji A, Schulz K
Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Int J STD AIDS. 1997 Sep;8(9):576-80. doi: 10.1258/0956462971920811.
Sex workers and their clients as core groups of high frequency transmitters play a dominant role in the transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). In Surabaya, Indonesia, little is known about the prevalence of STDs in various sex establishments. We conducted an STD prevalence survey of 1873 female sex workers in Surabaya, Indonesia. We did not find any sex workers with HIV infection. Prevalence rates of other STDs (chlamydia, gonorrhoea, serological test for syphilis positive, and/or trichomoniasis) in female sex workers were 48% in brothels (n = 696), 42% on the streets (n = 192), 16% in massage parlours (n = 344), 25% in barber shops (n = 150), 17% at call-girl houses (n = 73), and 10% in nightclubs (n = 418). Sex workers from the brothels had the highest prevalence rates of gonorrhoea (24%) and trichomoniasis (8%), while sex workers from the streets and the barber shop had the highest rates of serological test for syphilis (STS) positive (30%) and chlamydia (18%). STD rates decreased with an increase in age (except for STS positive), an increase in education, a decrease in the number of sex partners, and condom use in the previous week. Condom use in the previous week was universally low among sex workers, especially among sex workers from the brothels (14%). Sex workers from the brothels had STD rates about 4 times higher than sex workers from the nightclubs (adjusted odds ratio of 4.4). Although the HIV seroprevalence rate is currently low, widespread prostitution and high rates of STDs in sex workers warrant programmes to avert a potential explosion of HIV transmission. Because sex workers from the brothels in Surabaya have high rates of STDs and low use of condoms but good cooperation with local authorities, STD preventive measures should focus on this group.
性工作者及其嫖客作为高频传播者的核心群体，在艾滋病毒和其他性传播疾病（STD）的传播中起着主导作用。在印度尼西亚泗水，人们对各类性场所中性传播疾病的流行情况知之甚少。我们对印度尼西亚泗水的1873名女性性工作者进行了一次性传播疾病流行情况调查。我们未发现任何感染艾滋病毒的性工作者。女性性工作者中其他性传播疾病（衣原体、淋病、梅毒血清学检测呈阳性和/或滴虫病）的患病率在妓院为48%（n = 696），街头为42%（n = 192），按摩院为16%（n = 344），理发店为25%（n = 150），应召女郎之家为17%（n = 73），夜总会为10%（n = 418）。妓院中的性工作者淋病（24%）和滴虫病（8%）的患病率最高，而街头和理发店的性工作者梅毒血清学检测（STS）呈阳性（30%）和衣原体（18%）的患病率最高。性传播疾病发病率随着年龄增加（梅毒血清学检测呈阳性除外）、教育程度提高、性伴侣数量减少以及前一周使用避孕套而降低。性工作者中前一周避孕套使用率普遍较低，尤其是妓院中的性工作者（14%）。妓院中的性工作者性传播疾病发病率比夜总会中的性工作者高约4倍（调整后的优势比为4.4）。尽管目前艾滋病毒血清阳性率较低，但广泛存在的卖淫现象以及性工作者中性传播疾病的高发病率，使得有必要开展相关项目以避免艾滋病毒传播可能出现的激增情况。由于泗水妓院中的性工作者性传播疾病发病率高且避孕套使用率低，但与地方当局合作良好，性传播疾病预防措施应聚焦于这一群体。
