Lajunen T, Karola J, Summala H
Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki.
Percept Mot Skills. 1997 Aug;85(1):3-16. doi: 10.2466/pms.1997.85.1.3.
This study investigated different measures of speed and acceleration as indicators of safe driving style. 58 young males drove a 7.1-km test route twice in an instrumented car. Drivers were instructed to drive as they usually do. Driving style was measured by both site-specific measures (speed on a crest and speed and lateral acceleration in a sharp and a gentle curve) and general measures (maximum speed and lateral and longitudinal accelerations over the route). Analysis of variance (accident involvement x mileage) showed that drivers who had had prior accidents drove at higher speed and higher accelerations on a sharp curve than accident-free drivers. Drivers involved with accidents drove at higher maximum speed, left accelerations (at right-hand curves), and Equivalent Vector Acceleration, a mean parameter of accelerations, than accident-free drivers. However, multiple regression analysis indicated that only maximum speed predicted the number of accidents significantly. In conclusion, maximum speed seemed to be a convenient and robust measure of a safe driving style.
本研究调查了不同的速度和加速度测量指标，以作为安全驾驶风格的指示。58名年轻男性驾驶一辆配备仪器的汽车在一条7.1公里的测试路线上行驶了两次。驾驶员被指示按其通常的驾驶方式驾驶。驾驶风格通过特定地点的测量指标（在山顶的速度以及在急弯和缓弯处的速度和横向加速度）和一般测量指标（路线上的最高速度以及横向和纵向加速度）来衡量。方差分析（事故参与情况×行驶里程）表明，有过事故经历的驾驶员在急弯处的行驶速度和加速度高于无事故驾驶员。涉及事故的驾驶员在最高速度、左向加速度（在右弯处）以及等效矢量加速度（加速度的一个平均参数）方面高于无事故驾驶员。然而，多元回归分析表明，只有最高速度能显著预测事故数量。总之，最高速度似乎是衡量安全驾驶风格的一种便捷且可靠的指标。
