Park Y M, Matsumoto K, Seo Y J, Shinkoda H, Park K P
Graduate School, University of East Asia Shimonoseki, Japan.
Percept Mot Skills. 1997 Aug;85(1):143-54. doi: 10.2466/pms.1997.85.1.143.
The Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire and Life Habits Inventory were given to three groups of the same mean age: 533 Korean students, 468 Japanese students, and 311 Japanese workers. The distributions of scores on the questionnaire for these three groups are normal; however the Japanese students' distribution was slightly skewed towards the Evening type. The self-reported waking times and bedtimes for the three groups were late in the order of Morning, Intermediate, and Evening types. It is noteworthy, however, that the Korean students woke earlier than the Japanese students, and the workers always went to bed and woke earlier than the students. For the groups the variations in bedtime, waking time, and length of sleep were large, the sleep latency was long, and mood of the participants upon waking was bad in the order of the Morning. Intermediate, and Evening types. The scores of the Korean students were distributed more highly in the Morning type than were the Japanese students', but the students' sleep habits in both countries were quite similar. The subjects categorized as Evening types had more irregular sleep habits than those of the Morning type. In comparison with the student groups, Japanese workers of the same mean age had higher scores and slightly different sleep habits. The change in sleep habits could be seen as a result of the demands of employment, and the probable basis for difference in scores.
晨型-夜型问卷和生活习惯量表被发放给三组平均年龄相同的人群：533名韩国学生、468名日本学生和311名日本上班族。这三组人群在问卷上的得分分布呈正态分布；然而，日本学生的得分分布稍微向夜型倾斜。三组人群自我报告的起床时间和就寝时间按照晨型、中间型和夜型的顺序依次变晚。然而，值得注意的是，韩国学生比日本学生起床更早，上班族总是比学生上床睡觉和起床更早。对于这几组人群，就寝时间、起床时间和睡眠时间的变化很大，入睡潜伏期很长，醒来时参与者的情绪按照晨型、中间型和夜型的顺序依次变差。韩国学生在晨型中的得分分布比日本学生更高，但两国学生的睡眠习惯相当相似。被归类为夜型的受试者比晨型的受试者有更不规律的睡眠习惯。与学生组相比，相同平均年龄的日本上班族得分更高，睡眠习惯略有不同。睡眠习惯的变化可以被视为就业需求的结果，也是得分差异的可能原因。
