Ward G, Churchill E F, Musgrave P
Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, England.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1997 Sep;23(5):1247-60. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.23.5.1247.
Memory performance for sequences of letters positioned in particular spatial locations in a 3 x 3 grid was examined by requiring participants to recall attributes of the target stimuli given 1 or 2 features of the stimuli as cues. Cuing asymmetry was observed between the serial-position curves of object and sequential-order information, and location and sequential-order information, when the stimuli were presented in both the same and different locations. After correcting for response bias, this asymmetry was attenuated for the stimuli presented in different locations and was eliminated for the stimuli presented in the same location. Contrary to the predictions of the fragmentation hypothesis (G. V. Jones, 1976), asymmetry was also observed between object and location information. The roles of spatial location and response bias are offered as explanations for previous contradictory claims for cuing symmetry between item and order information.
通过要求参与者在给出刺激的1个或2个特征作为线索的情况下回忆目标刺激的属性，研究了位于3×3网格中特定空间位置的字母序列的记忆表现。当刺激呈现在相同和不同位置时，在物体与顺序信息以及位置与顺序信息的系列位置曲线之间观察到了线索不对称。在纠正反应偏差后，这种不对称在不同位置呈现的刺激中减弱，在相同位置呈现的刺激中消除。与碎片化假说（G. V. 琼斯，1976）的预测相反，在物体和位置信息之间也观察到了不对称。空间位置和反应偏差的作用被提出来解释先前关于项目和顺序信息之间线索对称的相互矛盾的说法。
