Hollingworth Andrew
Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1407, USA.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2007 Feb;33(1):31-47. doi: 10.1037/0096-1523.33.1.31.
Nine experiments examined the means by which visual memory for individual objects is structured into a larger representation of a scene. Participants viewed images of natural scenes or object arrays in a change detection task requiring memory for the visual form of a single target object. In the test image, 2 properties of the stimulus were independently manipulated: the position of the target object and the spatial properties of the larger scene or array context. Memory performance was higher when the target object position remained the same from study to test. This same-position advantage was reduced or eliminated following contextual changes that disrupted the relative spatial relationships among contextual objects (context deletion, scrambling, and binding change) but was preserved following contextual change that did not disrupt relative spatial relationships (translation). Thus, episodic scene representations are formed through the binding of objects to scene locations, and object position is defined relative to a larger spatial representation coding the relative locations of contextual objects.
九项实验研究了将单个物体的视觉记忆构建成更大场景表征的方式。参与者在一项变化检测任务中观看自然场景或物体阵列的图像，该任务要求记忆单个目标物体的视觉形式。在测试图像中，刺激的两个属性被独立操纵：目标物体的位置以及更大场景或阵列背景的空间属性。当目标物体的位置从学习到测试保持不变时，记忆表现更高。在破坏了背景物体之间相对空间关系的背景变化（背景删除、加扰和绑定变化）之后，这种同位置优势会减弱或消除，但在未破坏相对空间关系的背景变化（平移）之后，该优势得以保留。因此，情景场景表征是通过将物体绑定到场景位置而形成的，并且物体位置是相对于编码背景物体相对位置的更大空间表征来定义的。
