Rastegar Lari A, Validi N, Ghaffarzadeh K, Shamshiri A R
Département de Microbiologie et d'Immunologie, Université Iran des Sciences Médicales, Téhéran, Iran.
Pathol Biol (Paris). 1997 May;45(5):415-9.
Emergence of multi-resistant strains of Salmonella typhi is a major problem in treatment of typhoid fever and requires an excessive hospitalization period. Therefore, the present study was carried out to estimate the degree of the resistance of S. typhi strains to various antibiotics such as cefixime. Fifty two strains of Salmonella typhi isolated from patients with typhoid fever and their sensitivity to various antibiotics was determined. MICs of cefixime and chloramphenicol were also determined according to comitee de l'antibiogramme français. Results indicated that 41.9%, 33.9%, 38.7%, 58.1% and 1.6% of isolated strains were resistant to chloramphenicol, co-trimoxazole, ampicillin, tetracycline and gentamycin respectively. About one third (33.9%) of strains showed multiple resistance to the first four mentioned antibiotics. All strains were susceptible to ceftizoxime and cefixime (MICs 1 and less than 1 mcg/ml). It could be concluded that cefixime due to its effectiveness, oral administration and shorter courses of treatment could be the therapy of choice in cases of typhoid fever caused by multiple resistant strains especially when we have a shortage of hospital beds.
伤寒沙门氏菌多重耐药菌株的出现是伤寒治疗中的一个主要问题，并且需要过长的住院时间。因此，开展了本研究以评估伤寒沙门氏菌菌株对各种抗生素（如头孢克肟）的耐药程度。从伤寒患者中分离出52株伤寒沙门氏菌，并测定了它们对各种抗生素的敏感性。还根据法国抗生素委员会的标准测定了头孢克肟和氯霉素的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。结果表明，分离菌株中分别有41.9%、33.9%、38.7%、58.1%和1.6%对氯霉素、复方新诺明、氨苄西林、四环素和庆大霉素耐药。约三分之一（33.9%）的菌株对上述前四种抗生素表现出多重耐药。所有菌株对头孢唑肟和头孢克肟敏感（MIC分别为1及小于1微克/毫升）。可以得出结论，头孢克肟因其有效性、口服给药方式和较短的疗程，可能是多重耐药菌株所致伤寒病例的首选治疗药物，尤其是在医院床位短缺的情况下。
