Henderson B A, Berenbaum S A
Department of Psychology, Finch University of Health Sciences, Chicago Medical School, IL 60064, USA.
Dev Psychobiol. 1997 Sep;31(2):115-23.
To examine possible prenatal hormonal influences on sex-typed play, we compared girls with a boy co-twin to girls with a girl co-twin and girls with an older brother. In opposite-sex dizygotic twin pairs, the uterine environment may allow transfer of testosterone from the male to the female fetus. Singletons with an older brother provide a control for shared social environment. Girls aged 3 to 8 years (N = 91) were observed playing with sex-typed toys, and mothers completed questionnaires about the child's activities. Contrary to expectation, girls with a boy co-twin did not spend more time playing with boys' toys than girls with a girl co-twin or girls with an older brother. Although these results might suggest that normal variations in hormones do not contribute to within-sex variations in childhood activities, they combine with other work to suggest factors to consider in evaluating hormonal influences on human behavior, including level and timing of exposure.
为了研究产前激素对性别类型游戏可能产生的影响，我们将有兄弟双胞胎的女孩与有姐妹双胞胎的女孩以及有哥哥的女孩进行了比较。在异性双卵双胞胎对中，子宫环境可能会使睾酮从男性胎儿转移到女性胎儿。有哥哥的单胎提供了共享社会环境的对照。观察了91名3至8岁的女孩玩性别类型玩具的情况，母亲们填写了关于孩子活动的问卷。与预期相反，有兄弟双胞胎的女孩玩男孩玩具的时间并不比有姐妹双胞胎的女孩或有哥哥的女孩更多。虽然这些结果可能表明激素的正常变化不会导致儿童活动中的性别内差异，但它们与其他研究结果相结合，提示了在评估激素对人类行为的影响时需要考虑的因素，包括接触激素的水平和时间。
