Imamura K, Chamone D de A, Moraes Filho J P, Pontes J F
Department of Medicine, Sorocaba Catholic University of São Paulo (PUCSP-CMBSS), Brasil.
Arq Gastroenterol. 1996 Oct-Dec;33(4):187-93.
The combination of alcohol and stress have been considered producers of gastric hemorrhage both experimentally and in clinical observations. Since excessive alcohol intake often occurs in situations of severe emotional conflict and stress, it was decided to study the possible role of the latter in the etiology of gastric hemorrhage, up to now thought to be dependent only on alcohol. The study consists of 75 male Wistar rats divided into eight groups with seven to 14 animals each. They were submitted to fasting only, or to additional prolonged fasting, restraint-stress (physical confinement) for 17 hours and the oral administration of a single dose of 40% alcohol (1 ml/150 g of body weight). The stomachs were analyzed macroscopically and microscopically for the presence of gastric hemorrhage, and the following was observed; 1) only 10% of the rats submitted to a 25 hour fast either isolated or associated with 17 hours of physical confinement, demonstrated gastric hemorrhage; 2) after an eight hour fast, the administration of alcohol to the rats either sacrificed immediately or maintained for 17 hours, revealed gastric lesions in only 33.3% and 28.5% respectively, without significant statistical difference between the two groups (P > 0.05); 3) administration of alcohol prior to the 17 hour physical confinement revealed lesions in only 12.5% of the animals; 4) administration of alcohol to rats previously submitted to a 25 hour fast plus physical confinement for 17 hours, resulted in a significant number of hemorrhagic lesions (88.8%). This caused a statistical difference in the group compared to the others (P < 0.01). The results of this study led to the conclusion that stress (by prolonged physical confinement) was an important conditioning factor to the appearance of gastric hemorrhage when 40% alcohol was administered. It is possible that if the alcohol had been administered prior to the prolonged physical confinement its cytotoxic effect on the gastric mucosa might have been reduced.
酒精与压力的组合在实验和临床观察中均被视为胃出血的成因。由于过量饮酒常发生在严重情绪冲突和压力的情况下，因此决定研究压力在胃出血病因学中可能发挥的作用，此前人们一直认为胃出血仅取决于酒精。该研究包含75只雄性Wistar大鼠，分为八组，每组7至14只动物。它们分别仅接受禁食，或额外长时间禁食、17小时的束缚应激（身体限制）以及口服单剂量40%酒精（1毫升/150克体重）。对胃部进行宏观和微观分析以检查是否存在胃出血，观察结果如下：1）仅接受25小时禁食（单独或与17小时身体限制相结合）的大鼠中，仅有10%出现胃出血；2）禁食8小时后，立即处死或维持17小时的大鼠在给予酒精后，分别仅有33.3%和28.5%出现胃部病变，两组之间无显著统计学差异（P>0.05）；3）在17小时身体限制之前给予酒精，仅有12.5%的动物出现病变；4）对先前接受25小时禁食加17小时身体限制的大鼠给予酒精，导致大量出血性病变（88.8%）。与其他组相比，该组存在统计学差异（P<0.01）。本研究结果得出结论，当给予40%酒精时，压力（通过长时间身体限制）是胃出血出现的重要调节因素。如果在长时间身体限制之前给予酒精，其对胃黏膜的细胞毒性作用可能会降低。
