Kingwell B A, Arnold P J, Jennings G L, Dart A M
Alfred and Baker Medical Unit, Baker Medical Research Institute, Prahran, Australia.
Cardiovasc Res. 1997 Jul;35(1):132-7. doi: 10.1016/s0008-6363(97)00079-5.
Previous studies in humans have found, using non-invasive methodology, that arterial compliance is elevated with exercise training. Forced exercise in animals has corroborated these findings, but the association of this type of exercise with psychological stressors limits its relevance to humans. We have investigated the effects of spontaneous running exercise from 4-20 weeks of age on aortic and mesenteric compliance and vascular reactivity in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats.
Animals were killed using CO2 asphyxia and the aorta, mesentery and heart rapidly removed. The heart was dissected and weighed. The aorta was separated into 3 4-mm rings which were mounted on wires in organ baths for determination of compliance and vascular reactivity to noradrenaline, acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside. The slope of diameter-pressure relationship derived using Laplace's equation was used as an index of compliance.
During the final 2 weeks of training WKY rats ran an average of 7.9 +/- 1.0 km/24 h. Body weight was not affected by training. Training significantly increased the weight of the atria, left and right ventricles as well as total heart weight and left ventricular/body weight ratio. Aortic compliance was increased from 12.3 +/- 0.4 to 14.2 +/- 0.5 microns/mmHg (P < 0.05) after training. There was no effect of training on aortic reactivity to noradrenaline, acetylcholine or sodium nitroprusside.
Exercise training increased intrinsic aortic compliance in WKY rats which provides evidence for a structural basis for the elevated compliance reported previously with 4 weeks of aerobic exercise in man.
以往针对人类的研究采用非侵入性方法发现，运动训练可提高动脉顺应性。动物强迫运动证实了这些发现，但此类运动与心理应激源的关联限制了其与人类的相关性。我们研究了4至20周龄自发跑步运动对Wistar - Kyoto（WKY）大鼠主动脉和肠系膜顺应性以及血管反应性的影响。
使用二氧化碳窒息法处死动物，迅速取出主动脉、肠系膜和心脏。解剖心脏并称重。将主动脉分成3个4毫米的环，安装在器官浴中的金属丝上，用于测定顺应性以及对去甲肾上腺素、乙酰胆碱和硝普钠的血管反应性。使用拉普拉斯方程得出的直径 - 压力关系斜率用作顺应性指标。
在训练的最后2周，WKY大鼠平均每天跑7.9±1.0千米。体重不受训练影响。训练显著增加了心房、左心室和右心室的重量以及心脏总重量和左心室/体重比。训练后主动脉顺应性从12.3±0.4增加到14.2±0.5微米/毫米汞柱（P<0.05）。训练对主动脉对去甲肾上腺素、乙酰胆碱或硝普钠的反应性没有影响。
运动训练增加了WKY大鼠主动脉的内在顺应性，这为先前报道的人类进行4周有氧运动后顺应性升高提供了结构基础的证据。
