Rebelo A N, Costa O, Rocha A P, Soares J M, Lago P
Faculdade de Ciências do Desporto e de Educação Física, Universidade do Porto.
Rev Port Cardiol. 1997 Jun;16(6):535-41, 508.
The aim of this study was to assess the influence of detraining and training on the autonomic control of heart rate (HR), using time and frequency (spectral analysis) domain components of heart rate variability. Sixteen professional football players (26.7 +/- 3.8 years; 74.9 +/- 4.1 kg; 177 +/- 6.3 cm) were analysed at the end of a 1 month holiday (detraining) and after a 6 week training period (training). HR was recorded over 15 minutes with Holter equipment. The athletes rested in a supine position, in a quiet place and all test were performed between 8 and 10 AM. The subjects were requested to refrain from meals or caffeine for 12 hours before testing. In spite of the high intensity of the training period, there was no significant change in results from detraining condition to training condition. These results can have two possible explanations: (i) the high level of cardiovascular capacity in the detraining trial originated by the recreative physical activity that the players underwent during their holidays, and/or (ii) the training period was not long enough to promote any relevant effect on the autonomic control of HR.
本研究旨在利用心率变异性的时域和频域（频谱分析）成分，评估停训和训练对心率（HR）自主控制的影响。对16名职业足球运动员（年龄26.7±3.8岁；体重74.9±4.1千克；身高177±6.3厘米）在为期1个月的假期结束时（停训）以及6周训练期结束后（训练）进行了分析。使用动态心电图设备记录15分钟的心率。运动员仰卧于安静的地方休息，所有测试均在上午8点至10点之间进行。要求受试者在测试前12小时禁食或禁咖啡因。尽管训练期强度很大，但从停训状态到训练状态，结果并无显著变化。这些结果可能有两种解释：（i）停训试验中心血管能力的高水平源自运动员在假期进行的休闲体育活动，和/或（ii）训练期不够长，不足以对心率的自主控制产生任何显著影响。
