Ravé Guillaume, Fortrat Jacques-Olivier
Stade Lavallois MFC, Plaine des Gandonnières, Rue Georges Coupeau, 53000, Laval, France.
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (University Hospital Centre), Explorations Fonctionnelles Vasculaires, UMR CNRS 6214 Inserm 1083, 49933, Angers, France.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2016 Aug;116(8):1575-82. doi: 10.1007/s00421-016-3416-9. Epub 2016 Jun 15.
To show that heart rate variability (HRV) in the standing position better reflects the way in which athletes adapt to training in so-called intermittent sports than the indicator of resting parasympathetic tone usually employed in endurance sports.
Twenty professional soccer players (intermittent sport) took part in a 5-week training session divided into three successive periods: "Warm-up", "Intensive training" and "Tapering". At the beginning and end of each of the three periods, a stand test was carried out and the heart rate was recorded, beat by beat (Polar Team 2). We analysed HRV to determine the indicator mostly used to demonstrate training adaptation in endurance sports (lnRMSSD supine, natural logarithm of root mean square of the successive differences) as well as indicators obtained by means of spectral analysis in both supine and standing position.
A decrease in heart rate was observed in the supine position at rest during training (-5.2 ± 1.3 bpm) while lnRMSSD and spectral analysis indicators remained unchanged. The "Warm-up" caused an increase in spectral analysis total power in standing position which was further highlighted by "Tapering" (3.39 ± 0.09, 3.61 ± 0.08 and 3.65 ± 0.09 log ms(2), respectively). However, the autonomic changes are probably more complex than a change in autonomic activity or balance since spectral analysis autonomic indicators remained unchanged.
HRV in the standing position could monitor training adaptation in intermittent sports contrary to the indicator usually employed in endurance sports. However, the significance of the HRV change in the standing position during training remains unclear.
表明站立位心率变异性（HRV）比耐力运动中通常采用的静息副交感神经张力指标，能更好地反映运动员在所谓的间歇性运动中适应训练的方式。
20名职业足球运动员（间歇性运动项目）参加了为期5周的训练课程，该课程分为三个连续阶段：“热身”、“强化训练”和“减量训练”。在这三个阶段的每个阶段开始和结束时，进行站立测试并逐搏记录心率（Polar Team 2）。我们分析了HRV，以确定耐力运动中最常用于证明训练适应性的指标（仰卧位lnRMSSD，即连续差值均方根的自然对数），以及通过仰卧位和站立位频谱分析获得的指标。
训练期间，仰卧位静息心率下降（-5.2±1.3次/分钟），而lnRMSSD和频谱分析指标保持不变。“热身”阶段使站立位频谱分析总功率增加，“减量训练”阶段进一步增强（分别为3.39±0.09、3.61±0.08和3.65±0.09 log ms²）。然而，自主神经变化可能比自主神经活动或平衡的变化更为复杂，因为频谱分析自主神经指标保持不变。
与耐力运动中通常采用的指标相反，站立位HRV可以监测间歇性运动中的训练适应性。然而，训练期间站立位HRV变化的意义仍不明确。
