Lucas P, Kaplan P, Dussault R, Hurwitz S
Castlereagh Radiology Sydney, Australia.
Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 1997 Sep-Oct;26(5):209-66. doi: 10.1016/s0363-0188(97)90015-3.
The foot and ankle are among the hardest of all areas to image because of the complex three-dimensional anatomy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), with its multiplanar capabilities, excellent soft-tissue contrast, ability to image bone marrow, noninvasiveness, and lack of ionizing radiation, has become a valuable tool in evaluating patients with foot and ankle problems. MRI is more specific than bone scintigraphy and provides more information than ultrasound and computed tomography. Arthroscopy of the ankle is limited to the articular surface and joint space. MRI allows a global evaluation of the bones, tendons, ligaments, and other structures with a single examination that exceeds the capabilities of all other available techniques. This monograph was written to provide a useful guide to basic technique, indications, positioning, anatomy, and interpretation of foot and ankle MRI. The first part describes the performance of the MRI examination with reference to the positioning of the foot, types of coils, and advantages and disadvantages of the different sequences and imaging planes. The next section was written by an experienced foot and ankle orthopedic surgeon and outlines the indications for MRI for the common foot and ankle symptom complexes and the information that the surgeon hopes to obtain from the study. This is followed by a review of pertinent anatomy, as it applies to imaging, with emphasis on osseous structures, ligaments, tendons, and muscles. The final section is a comprehensive review of the common pathologic conditions encountered in the foot and ankle. We hope that radiologists and radiologists-in-training find this article a useful reference tool and gain a better understanding of this complex area of musculoskeletal imaging.
由于足部和踝关节的解剖结构复杂，呈三维立体，是全身最难成像的部位之一。磁共振成像（MRI）具有多平面成像能力、出色的软组织对比度、骨髓成像能力、无创性且无电离辐射，已成为评估足部和踝关节疾病患者的重要工具。MRI比骨闪烁显像更具特异性，比超声和计算机断层扫描能提供更多信息。踝关节镜检查仅限于关节表面和关节间隙。MRI通过一次检查就能对骨骼、肌腱、韧带及其他结构进行全面评估，这是其他现有技术无法企及的。这本专著旨在为足部和踝关节MRI的基本技术、适应证、定位、解剖结构及解读提供实用指南。第一部分介绍了MRI检查的操作，涉及足部的定位、线圈类型以及不同序列和成像平面的优缺点。下一部分由一位经验丰富的足踝整形外科医生撰写，概述了常见足踝症状复合体的MRI适应证以及外科医生希望从该检查中获取的信息。随后是对与成像相关的相关解剖结构的回顾，重点是骨结构、韧带、肌腱和肌肉。最后一部分是对足部和踝关节常见病理状况的全面综述。我们希望放射科医生及放射科住院医师能发现本文是一个有用的参考工具，并能更好地理解这个肌肉骨骼成像的复杂领域。
