Peschers U M, Schaer G N, DeLancey J O, Schuessler B
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kantonsspital Luzern, Switzerland.
Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1997 Sep;104(9):1004-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1997.tb12057.x.
To evaluate pelvic floor muscle strength before and after vaginal birth.
Prospective repeated measures study.
Main district hospital.
Fifty-five women: 25 primiparae and 20 multiparae following vaginal birth, and 10 women following elective caesarean delivery as a control group.
Pelvic muscle strength was evaluated by palpation, perineometry and perineal ultrasound before childbirth in the 36th to 42nd week of pregnancy, three to eight days postpartum and six to ten weeks postpartum.
Pelvic floor muscle strength on palpation, intravaginal squeeze pressure and vesical neck elevation during squeeze.
Pelvic floor muscle strength is significantly reduced three to eight days postpartum in women following vaginal birth but not in women after caesarean delivery. Six to ten weeks later palpation and vesical neck elevation on perineal ultrasound do not show any significant differences to antepartum values, while intravaginal pressure on perineometry remains significantly lower in primiparae, but not in multiparae.
Pelvic floor muscle strength is impaired shortly after vaginal birth, but for most women returns within two months.
评估经阴道分娩前后的盆底肌肉力量。
前瞻性重复测量研究。
主要地区医院。
55名女性，其中25名初产妇和20名经产妇经阴道分娩，10名择期剖宫产的女性作为对照组。
在妊娠36至42周、产后三至八天和产后六至十周时，通过触诊、会阴压力测量法和会阴超声评估盆底肌肉力量。
触诊时的盆底肌肉力量、阴道内挤压压力以及挤压时膀胱颈抬高情况。
经阴道分娩的女性产后三至八天盆底肌肉力量显著降低，而剖宫产女性则无此情况。六至十周后，触诊及会阴超声检查时膀胱颈抬高情况与产前值无显著差异，而初产妇会阴压力测量法测得的阴道内压力仍显著低于产前，但经产妇无此情况。
经阴道分娩后不久盆底肌肉力量受损，但对大多数女性而言，两个月内可恢复。
