Wright A L, Naylor A, Wester R, Bauer M, Sutcliffe E
Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA.
Health Educ Behav. 1997 Oct;24(5):625-39. doi: 10.1177/109019819702400509.
Although many attempts have been made to promote breastfeeding in a variety of contexts, few programs have explicitly incorporated cultural beliefs in these efforts. This article describes a breastfeeding promotion program conducted on the Navajo reservation. This program was designed to be culturally appropriate. Background information regarding beliefs and factors affecting infant feeding practices in this setting is provided, followed by a description of the intervention. The intervention, which incorporated both social marketing and community participation techniques, consisted of three components: an intervention in the health care system, a community intervention, and an individual intervention. Based on medical records review of feeding practices of all the infants born the year before (n = 988) and the year after (n = 870) the intervention, the program was extremely successful. This combination of techniques, including qualitative and quantitative research into local definitions of the problem, collaboration with local institutions and individuals, reinforcement of traditional understandings about infant feeding, and institutional change in the health care system, is an effective way of facilitating behavioral change.
尽管人们在各种情况下为促进母乳喂养做出了许多努力，但很少有项目在这些努力中明确纳入文化信仰。本文描述了在纳瓦霍保留地开展的一项母乳喂养促进项目。该项目旨在符合文化习俗。文中提供了有关该地区影响婴儿喂养习惯的信仰和因素的背景信息，随后描述了干预措施。该干预措施结合了社会营销和社区参与技巧，包括三个部分：医疗保健系统干预、社区干预和个体干预。根据对干预前一年出生的所有婴儿（n = 988）和干预后一年出生的婴儿（n = 870）喂养习惯的病历审查，该项目非常成功。这种技术组合，包括对当地问题定义进行定性和定量研究、与当地机构和个人合作、强化对婴儿喂养的传统认识以及医疗保健系统的制度变革，是促进行为改变的有效方式。
