Woodward W M, Barker I, John R E, Peacock J E
Sheffield Children's Hospital, Western Bank, UK.
Paediatr Anaesth. 1997;7(5):379-83. doi: 10.1046/j.1460-9592.1997.d01-111.x.
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) frequently follows prominent ear correction under general anaesthesia in children. In a prospective, single-blind study, we compared the incidence of PONV after propofol infusion anaesthesia with that following thiopentone induction and isoflurane maintenance in 30 children aged from four to 14 years randomly allocated to one of two groups. All the children were mechanically ventilated. Anaesthesia was supplemented in both groups with nitrous oxide and infiltration of the ears using a mixture of bupivacaine, adrenaline, and hyaluronidase. One child receiving propofol (group P) complained of nausea, compared with eight receiving thiopentone/ isoflurane, (group T) (P = 0.005), while three children in group P and ten in group T vomited before hospital discharge, (P = 0.01). Eight children in group P were considered to be fit for discharge on the day of surgery as against four in group T, (not significant). Only four out of twelve children receiving opioid analgesia vomited.
小儿全身麻醉下进行耳部整形手术后常出现术后恶心呕吐（PONV）。在一项前瞻性单盲研究中，我们将30名4至14岁的儿童随机分为两组，比较丙泊酚输注麻醉与硫喷妥钠诱导、异氟烷维持麻醉后PONV的发生率。所有儿童均进行机械通气。两组均补充一氧化二氮，并使用布比卡因、肾上腺素和透明质酸酶混合液浸润耳部。接受丙泊酚的1名儿童（P组）出现恶心，而接受硫喷妥钠/异氟烷的8名儿童（T组）出现恶心（P = 0.005），P组3名儿童和T组10名儿童在出院前呕吐（P = 0.01）。P组8名儿童在手术当天被认为适合出院，而T组为4名（无统计学意义）。接受阿片类镇痛的12名儿童中只有4名呕吐。
