Lauková A
Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovak Republic.
Vet Med (Praha). 1997 Aug;42(8):233-7.
The total enumeration and biotyping of staphylococci isolated from the rumen content of deer is presented in this study. The total counts of staphylococcal isolates from deer reached 1.5 x 10(3) cfu/ml. Of 960 colonies, 904 were taxonomically identified. Coagulase-negative staphylococci mainly Staphylococcus simulans and Staph. xylosus were the most frequently isolated species, followed by Staph. warneri, Staph. lentus, Staph. saprophyticus, Staph. epidermidis and Staph. hominis. Moreover, the atypical species were isolated, such as Staph. chromogenes, Staph. capitis, Staph. caseolyticus and Staph. auricularis. Except Staph. aureus, no coagulase-positive staphylococci were found. The strain identified showed high resistance to vancomycin (61.2%) and to chloramphenicol (41.9%). The resistance to erythromycin and bacitracin was demonstrated in 16.1% and 35.5% of isolates. On the other hand, 99% of isolates were sensitive to gentamycin, 96% to linkomycin, 93% to methicilin and 87% of isolates were sensitive to bacitracin and virginiamycin. The mean value of lactic acid production was 0.446 +/- 0.026 mol/l. The majority of strains belonged to ureolytic bacteria with low urease production. However, eight different species showed urease activity higher than 30 nkat/ml. No bacteriocin active strain was detected by indicator organisms used. Although the percentage of nonidentifiable strains was high (64.7%), the detection of different species improved and confirmed species variability in the rumen microbial ecosystem of deer as well as in total. Moreover, additional tests are under way, especially those regarding bacteriocin production.
本研究展示了从鹿瘤胃内容物中分离出的葡萄球菌的总数及生物分型。从鹿中分离出的葡萄球菌菌株总数达到1.5×10³ cfu/ml。在960个菌落中，904个被进行了分类鉴定。凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌主要是模仿葡萄球菌和木糖葡萄球菌，是最常分离出的菌种，其次是沃氏葡萄球菌、缓慢葡萄球菌、腐生葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌和人葡萄球菌。此外，还分离出了非典型菌种，如产色葡萄球菌、头葡萄球菌、解酪葡萄球菌和耳葡萄球菌。除了金黄色葡萄球菌外，未发现凝固酶阳性葡萄球菌。鉴定出的菌株对万古霉素（61.2%）和氯霉素（41.9%）表现出高耐药性。16.1%的分离株对红霉素耐药，35.5%的分离株对杆菌肽耐药。另一方面，99%的分离株对庆大霉素敏感，96%对林可霉素敏感，93%对甲氧西林敏感，87%的分离株对杆菌肽和维吉尼亚霉素敏感。乳酸产生的平均值为0.446±0.026 mol/l。大多数菌株属于脲酶产生量低的解脲细菌。然而，有8个不同的菌种表现出高于30 nkat/ml的脲酶活性。使用指示菌未检测到产细菌素的活性菌株。尽管无法鉴定的菌株比例很高（64.7%），但不同菌种的检测改善并证实了鹿瘤胃微生物生态系统中以及总体上的菌种变异性。此外，其他测试正在进行中，特别是关于细菌素产生的测试。
