Tauber E, Camhi J
J Exp Biol. 1995;198(Pt 9):1895-907. doi: 10.1242/jeb.198.9.1895.
The wind-evoked escape behavior of freely ranging crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus) was studied using high-speed video and film analysis. The escape response can be of three types: a turn, a jump or a turn + jump. Any of these can be followed by running. The turn is similar to that of the cockroach, in terms of the details of body and leg movements. A jump occurs only when the cricket has its back to the wind, either because the stimulus came approximately from behind or because the cricket had first turned away from the wind and then jumped. The jump, like that of locust, requires some form of energy storage and quick release to obtain the necessary power. Locusts use long-term co-activation of antagonistic leg motor neurons to produce mechanical energy storage. By contrast, crickets do not appear to co-activate antagonistic leg motor neurons. Possible alternative energy storage and release mechanisms are discussed.
利用高速视频和影片分析技术，对自由活动的双斑蟋（Gryllus bimaculatus）的风诱发逃逸行为进行了研究。逃逸反应有三种类型：转弯、跳跃或转弯 + 跳跃。这些反应之后都可能接着奔跑。就身体和腿部运动的细节而言，转弯与蟑螂的转弯相似。只有当蟋蟀背向风时才会跳跃，这要么是因为刺激大致来自后方，要么是因为蟋蟀先转向背风然后跳跃。与蝗虫一样，跳跃需要某种形式的能量储存和快速释放以获得所需的力量。蝗虫通过拮抗腿部运动神经元的长期共同激活来产生机械能储存。相比之下，蟋蟀似乎不会共同激活拮抗腿部运动神经元。文中讨论了可能的替代能量储存和释放机制。
