Ross D J, Keynes H L, McDonald J C
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK.
Occup Med (Lond). 1997 Aug;47(6):377-81. doi: 10.1093/occmed/47.6.377.
Chest and occupational physicians who report to the SWORD surveillance scheme are estimated to have seen some 3,300 new cases of work-related respiratory disease in 1996. This total has regained the level recorded prior to a low in 1995, probably because of improved chest physician participation and the introduction of a sampling system for occupational physicians. Trends in disease incidence have remained fairly constant with some changes only in pneumoconiosis and inhalation accidents. It is of concern that there has been no evidence of a decrease in frequency of occupational asthma or in any of the incriminated agents since the scheme began in 1989. Comparison with other sources of data shows that, for asthma, SWORD records a relatively high frequency in women, a substantial proportion of whom do not appear to receive compensation. For mesothelioma, rates based on death certificates continue for understandable reasons to run at about twice the level reported to SWORD or as reflected by successful claims to the DSS for industrial injuries benefit. The SWORD programme is now one of six clinically-based reporting schemes which, by the end of 1997, are planned to cover all types of occupational disease in the UK.
据估计，向“剑”监测计划报告的胸科医生和职业医生在1996年共诊治了约3300例与工作相关的呼吸系统疾病新病例。这一总数已恢复到1995年低谷之前的记录水平，这可能是由于胸科医生参与度提高以及为职业医生引入了抽样系统。疾病发病率趋势一直相当稳定，仅尘肺病和吸入事故有一些变化。令人担忧的是，自1989年该计划启动以来，没有证据表明职业性哮喘的发病率或任何致病因素有所下降。与其他数据来源的比较表明，对于哮喘，“剑”计划记录的女性发病率相对较高，其中很大一部分女性似乎没有获得赔偿。对于间皮瘤，基于死亡证明的发病率由于可以理解的原因继续保持在向“剑”计划报告的水平或向社会保障部成功申请工伤福利所反映水平的两倍左右。“剑”计划现在是六个基于临床的报告计划之一，到1997年底，计划覆盖英国所有类型的职业病。
