Strauss A L, Beller K D
Dominikus Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Ultrasound Med Biol. 1997;23(7):975-82. doi: 10.1016/s0301-5629(97)00084-7.
Contrast ultrasonography of peripheral vessels and peripheral organs has been only sparsely used to evaluate peripheral tissue blood flow. The purpose of the study was to characterize intraluminal opacification of renal and femoral arteries and veins, of skeletal muscle and renal parenchyma after intraarterial (IA) injection of BY963, a newly developed ultrasound contrast agent being evaluated in Phase II and III trials, and to compare it with opacification of heart cavities after intravenous injection (IV) in dogs. A further purpose was to quantitate possible opacification losses during the first transcapillary passage of BY963 through pulmonary and peripheral microcirculation. BY963 was administered at the dose of 5 mL/animal/vascular territory (0.2 mL/kg). The peak intensity (intensity units = IU) and the area-under-the-curve (AUC, IU x heart cycles) were estimated from regions-of-interest placed in the right ventricle (RV), left ventricle (LV), main renal artery and vein, kidney, femoral artery and vein and adductor muscle. Following single IV injection, the average peak intensity and AUC values were 33 +/- 3 (mean +/- SE) and 674 +/- 109 for the RV, and 27 +/- 2 and 870 +/- 74 for the LV (p < 0.05), respectively. Following single IA injection in the descending aorta, the average peak intensities and AUC values were 35 +/- 2 and 613 +/- 139 in the renal artery and 26 +/- 4 (p < 0.05) and 639 +/- 151 in the renal vein (nonsignificant), respectively. For the femoral vessels, the average peak intensities and AUC values were 30 +/- 3 and 469 +/- 63 in the femoral artery, and 21 +/- 2 (p < 0.05) and 517 +/- 44 in the femoral vein (nonsignificant), respectively. The values for the output-to-input intensity ratios for peak intensity and AUC were 0.82 +/- 0.06 and 1.36 +/- 0.12 for the LV/RV ratio, 0.73 +/- 0.08 and 1.02 +/- 0.05 for the renal vein/renal artery ratio, and 0.71 +/- 0.09 and 1.16 +/- 0.13 for the femoral vein/femoral artery ratio, respectively (nonsignificant). In conclusion, these results demonstrate the high opacification potency of BY963 in the LV, renal and femoral veins, being of the same order of magnitude as that in the RV, renal and femoral arteries, respectively. Finally, the loss of opacification properties of BY963 during the first transcapillary (pulmonary or peripheral-capillary) passage is minimal.
外周血管和外周器官的超声造影仅被少量用于评估外周组织血流。本研究的目的是描述在动脉内（IA）注射BY963（一种正在进行II期和III期试验评估的新开发超声造影剂）后，肾动脉、肾静脉、股动脉、股静脉、骨骼肌和肾实质的管腔内显影情况，并将其与犬静脉注射（IV）后心腔的显影情况进行比较。另一个目的是定量BY963在首次通过肺和外周微循环的跨毛细血管过程中可能的显影损失。BY963以5 mL/动物/血管区域（0.2 mL/kg）的剂量给药。从置于右心室（RV）、左心室（LV）、肾主动脉和静脉、肾脏、股动脉和静脉以及内收肌的感兴趣区域估计峰值强度（强度单位=IU）和曲线下面积（AUC，IU×心动周期）。单次静脉注射后，RV的平均峰值强度和AUC值分别为33±3（均值±标准误）和674±109，LV的分别为27±2和870±74（p<0.05）。在降主动脉进行单次动脉内注射后，肾动脉的平均峰值强度和AUC值分别为35±2和613±139，肾静脉的分别为26±4（p<0.05）和639±151（无显著性差异）。对于股血管，股动脉的平均峰值强度和AUC值分别为30±3和469±63，股静脉的分别为21±2（p<0.05）和517±44（无显著性差异）。LV/RV比值的峰值强度和AUC的输出/输入强度比值分别为0.82±0.06和1.36±0.12，肾静脉/肾动脉比值的分别为0.73±0.08和1.02±0.05，股静脉/股动脉比值的分别为0.71±0.09和1.16±0.13（均无显著性差异）。总之，这些结果表明BY963在LV、肾静脉和股静脉中的显影效能很高，分别与在RV、肾动脉和股动脉中的显影效能处于同一数量级。最后，BY963在首次跨毛细血管（肺或外周毛细血管）过程中显影特性的损失极小。
