Hayward C J
Department of Zoology, University of New England, Armidale NSW, Australia.
Folia Parasitol (Praha). 1997;44(3):173-87.
Just nineteen species of ectoparasitic helminths were found in a survey of over 1,500 individuals of 26 species of sillaginid fishes in the Indo-west Pacific. A twentieth worm is known only from the literature; a twenty-first, also known only from the literature, is considered a doubtful record. Fifteen of the twenty worms are branchial monogeneans, one is a monogenean of the pharyngeal plates, one is an ectoparasitic digenean living under the scales, and three are leeches of the mouth cavity and fins. The most common monogeneans were diplectanids (Diplectanum spp. and Monoplectanum spp.) and microcotylids (Polylabris spp.), each with five recently described or redescribed species. Of the remaining monogeneans, three were extremely rare, and two were uncommon. Pseudobivagina sp. and Polynemicola sp. (Microcotylidae) and Pseudempleurosoma sp. (Ancyrocephalidae) were represented by only a single worm each from three different hosts (Sillago robusta, S. sihama, and S. ingenuua, respectively). The gyrodactylid Gyrodactylus sp. is widespread and was recorded from four species of sillaginids (S. ciliata, S. japonica, S. schomburgkii and S. sihama). Encotyllabe chironemi Robinson (Capsalidae) is recorded for the first time from sillaginids, but only on S. aeolus. Two additional monogeneans are known from sillaginids only in the literature: Dactylogyrus sp. (Dactylogyridae) is known only from cultured S. sihama; the single specimen of Microcotyle sp. (Microcotylidae) recorded from Sillaginodes punctata is probably a contaminant, since the haptor was missing. The generalist trematode Transversotrema licinum Manter (Transversotrematidae) was found for the first time in samples of four species of sillaginids (Sillago analis, S. ingenuua, S. lutea and S. sihama). Three species of piscicolid leeches were encountered: Austrobdella translucens Badham was common on the fins of three large inshore sillaginids (S. ciliata, S. schomburgkii and S. analis); a single specimen of the generalist species Zeylanicobdella arugamensis De Silva was recovered from S. soringa; and specimens of Z. stellata (Moore) infected S. schomburgkii and S. analis. The diversity of host-specific worms in Sillaginidae is low compared with those of some other Indo-west Pacific fishes.
在对印度 - 西太平洋地区26种银鲈科鱼类的1500多个个体进行的调查中，仅发现了19种外寄生蠕虫。第20种蠕虫仅见于文献记载；第21种同样仅见于文献记载，被认为是可疑记录。这20种蠕虫中有15种是鳃部单殖吸虫，1种是咽板单殖吸虫，1种是生活在鳞片下的外寄生复殖吸虫，还有3种是口腔和鳍部的水蛭。最常见的单殖吸虫是双鳞盘虫科（双鳞盘虫属和单鳞盘虫属）和微杯虫科（多唇虫属），各有5个最近描述或重新描述的物种。其余的单殖吸虫中，3种极为罕见，2种不常见。伪双阴道虫属和多线虫属（微杯虫科）以及伪侧盘虫属（锚首虫科）分别仅从三种不同宿主（强壮银鲈、多鳞鱚和银鲈）中各发现一条虫体。三代虫属的旋三代虫分布广泛，在4种银鲈科鱼类（短吻银鲈、日本银鲈、肖氏银鲈和多鳞鱚）中均有记录。罗氏鳃杯虫（杯首科）首次在银鲈科鱼类中被记录，但仅在风神银鲈上发现。另外两种单殖吸虫仅见于文献记载：指状指环虫（指环虫科）仅在养殖的多鳞鱚中被发现；从斑鳍银鲈记录到的微杯虫属的单个标本可能是污染物，因为其钩盘缺失。泛寄生吸虫李氏横孔吸虫（横孔吸虫科）首次在4种银鲈科鱼类（臀斑银鲈、银鲈、黄斑银鲈和多鳞鱚）的样本中被发现。发现了3种鱼蛭科水蛭：半透明澳蛭在三种大型近海银鲈（短吻银鲈、肖氏银鲈和臀斑银鲈）的鳍上很常见；从索氏银鲈中发现了一条泛寄生种类的阿鲁加泽兰蛭的单个标本；星斑泽兰蛭的标本感染了肖氏银鲈和臀斑银鲈。与印度 - 西太平洋地区的其他一些鱼类相比，银鲈科中宿主特异性蠕虫的多样性较低。
