Spangler S K, Lin G, Jacobs M R, Appelbaum P C
Department of Pathology, Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania 17033, USA.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1997 Oct;41(10):2173-6. doi: 10.1128/AAC.41.10.2173.
The postantibiotic effect (PAE) and postantibiotic sub-MIC effect (PAE-SME) of sanfetrinem were compared to those of penicillin G, amoxicillin, cefpodoxime, ceftriaxone, imipenem, and clarithromycin against four penicillin-susceptible, four intermediately susceptible, and four resistant pneumococci. The MICs of imipenem were the lowest against all of the strains (0.03 to 0.5 microg/ml), followed by those of sanfetrinem (0.016 to 1.0 microg/ml), amoxicillin and ceftriaxone (0.016 to 2.0 microg/ml), and cefpodoxime (0.03 to 8.0 microg/ml). High-level resistance to clarithromycin (MIC, >64.0 microg/ml) was seen in three selected strains. The PAEs of all of the oral beta-lactams tested were similar for all of the strains, ranging from 1 to 6.5 h. The PAEs of ceftriaxone and imipenem ranged from 1 to 8 h, and those of clarithromycin ranged from 1 to 7 h. The mean PAEs of all of the beta-lactams and clarithromycin were 2.8 to 4.3 and 2.5 h, respectively. PAE-SMEs could not be determined for all of the strains due to complete killing, especially at high subinhibitory concentrations. However, the overall pattern with all of the compounds tested was that PAE-SMEs were longer than PAEs. Measurable PAE-SMEs of sanfetrinem at the three subinhibitory concentrations (0.125, 0.25, and 0.5 times the MIC) were 2 to 7, 2 to 7, and 3 to 6 h, while those of amoxicillin and cefpodoxime were 1 to 7.5, 2 to 4, and 4 to 9 and 2 to 7, 4 to 7, and 4 to 6 h, respectively. Measurable PAE-SMEs of ceftriaxone and imipenem were 1 to 6.5, 2 to 9, and 2 to 9 and 1.5 to 6, 2 to 5.8, and 4 to 7.7 h, respectively. Measurable clarithromycin PAE-SMEs were 1 to 5, 1 to 5, and 1 to 6 h at the three concentrations.
将三氟沙星的抗生素后效应（PAE）和抗生素后亚抑菌浓度效应（PAE-SME）与青霉素G、阿莫西林、头孢泊肟、头孢曲松、亚胺培南及克拉霉素针对4株青霉素敏感、4株中度敏感及4株耐药肺炎球菌的效应进行了比较。亚胺培南对所有菌株的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）最低（0.03至0.5μg/ml），其次是三氟沙星（0.016至1.0μg/ml）、阿莫西林和头孢曲松（0.016至2.0μg/ml）以及头孢泊肟（0.03至8.0μg/ml）。在3株选定菌株中观察到对克拉霉素的高水平耐药（MIC，>64.0μg/ml）。所有受试口服β-内酰胺类药物对所有菌株的PAE相似，范围为1至6.5小时。头孢曲松和亚胺培南的PAE范围为1至8小时，克拉霉素的PAE范围为1至7小时。所有β-内酰胺类药物和克拉霉素的平均PAE分别为2.8至4.3小时和2.5小时。由于完全杀菌，尤其是在高亚抑菌浓度时，并非所有菌株都能测定PAE-SME。然而，所有受试化合物的总体模式是PAE-SME长于PAE。三氟沙星在3个亚抑菌浓度（0.125、0.25和0.5倍MIC）下可测量的PAE-SME分别为2至7小时、2至7小时和3至6小时，而阿莫西林和头孢泊肟的PAE-SME分别为1至7.5小时、2至4小时和4至9小时以及2至7小时、4至7小时和4至6小时。头孢曲松和亚胺培南可测量的PAE-SME分别为1至6.5小时、2至9小时和2至9小时以及1.5至6小时、2至5.8小时和4至7.7小时。克拉霉素在3个浓度下可测量到的PAE-SME分别为1至5小时、1至5小时和1至6小时。
