Pekkanen J, Timonen K L, Ruuskanen J, Reponen A, Mirme A
Unit of Environmental Epidemiology, National Public Health Institute, Kuopio, Finland.
Environ Res. 1997;74(1):24-33. doi: 10.1006/enrs.1997.3750.
It has been suggested that ultrafine particles in urban air may cause the health effects associated with thoracic particles (PM10). We therefore compared the effects of daily variations in particles of different sizes on peak expiratory flow (PEF) during a 57-day follow-up of 39 asthmatic children aged 7-12 years. The main source of particulate air pollution in the area was traffic. In addition to the measurements of PM10 and black smoke (BS) concentrations, an electric aerosol spectrometer was used to measure particle number concentrations in six size classes ranging from 0.01 to 10.0 microns. Daily variations in BS and particle number concentrations in size ranges between 0.032 and 0.32 micron and between 1.0 and 10.0 microns were highly intercorrelated (correlation coefficients about 0.9). Correlations with PM10 were somewhat lower (below 0.7). All these pollutants tended also to be associated with declines in morning PEF. However, the only statistically significant associations were observed with PM10 and BS. Different time lags of PM10 were also most consistently associated with declines in PEF. Therefore, in the present study on asthmatic children, the concentration of ultrafine particles was no more strongly associated with variations in PEF than PM10 or BS, as has earlier been suggested.
有人提出，城市空气中的超细颗粒物可能会导致与可吸入颗粒物（PM10）相关的健康影响。因此，我们在对39名7至12岁哮喘儿童进行的57天随访中，比较了不同大小颗粒物的每日变化对呼气峰值流速（PEF）的影响。该地区空气中颗粒物污染的主要来源是交通。除了测量PM10和黑烟（BS）浓度外，还使用了一台电子气溶胶光谱仪来测量六个粒径范围从0.01至10.0微米的颗粒物数量浓度。BS以及粒径范围在0.032至0.32微米和1.0至10.0微米之间的颗粒物数量浓度的每日变化高度相关（相关系数约为0.9）。与PM10的相关性略低（低于0.7）。所有这些污染物似乎也都与早晨PEF的下降有关。然而，仅观察到与PM10和BS存在统计学上的显著关联。PM10的不同时间滞后也最一致地与PEF的下降相关。因此，在本项针对哮喘儿童的研究中，超细颗粒物的浓度与PEF变化的关联并不比PM10或BS更强，正如之前所提出的那样。
