Curran M, Harvey B, Crerar S, Oliver G, D'Souza R, Myint H, Rann C, Andrews R
National Centre for Disease Control, Department of Health and Family Services, Communicable Diseases Network Australia New Zealand.
Commun Dis Intell. 1997 Oct 2;21(20):281-307.
In 1996 there were 65,024 notifications to the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System. The record high number of Ross River virus infection notifications was of particular note. The highest rates were recorded in Western Australia, where an outbreak was documented in the South West, and in Queensland. Most cases occurred in the late summer and early autumn months. The number of measles cases has continued to fall markedly following the outbreak in 1993 and 1994. Rubella notifications also fell in 1996. The number of cases of pertussis remained at a similar level to that recorded in recent years, the highest notification rate being recorded for children under the age of one year. A peak in late 1996 marked a resurgence in the pertussis epidemic which has continued into 1997. Notifications of Haemophilus influenzae type b continued to decline reaching a record low rate of 0.3 notifications per 100,000 population. For the enteric diseases, the number of cases of campylobacteriosis rose, with an annual adjusted notification rate of 100.4 per 100,000 population; more notifications were received for this disease than for any other in 1996. The number of hepatitis A cases also rose relative to 1995. This is a reversal of the trend observed in recent years when the notification rate fell. The number of cases of salmonellosis and shigellosis remained stable. Notifications for chlamydial infection and gonococcal infection rose relative to 1995, whilst those for syphilis fell.
1996年，国家法定传染病监测系统共收到65,024份报告。罗斯河病毒感染报告数量创历史新高，尤其值得关注。发病率最高的地区是西澳大利亚州，该州西南部有疫情记录，以及昆士兰州。大多数病例发生在夏末和初秋月份。1993年和1994年麻疹疫情爆发后，麻疹病例数持续显著下降。1996年风疹报告数也有所下降。百日咳病例数与近年来记录的水平相近，一岁以下儿童的报告发病率最高。1996年末出现的一个高峰标志着百日咳疫情有所抬头，并持续到了1997年。b型流感嗜血杆菌的报告数继续下降，降至每10万人0.3例的创纪录低发病率。对于肠道疾病，弯曲菌病病例数上升，年度调整报告发病率为每10万人100.4例；1996年该疾病的报告数超过了其他任何疾病。与1995年相比，甲型肝炎病例数也有所上升。这与近年来报告发病率下降的趋势相反。沙门氏菌病和志贺氏菌病的病例数保持稳定。衣原体感染和淋病感染的报告数相对于1995年有所上升，而梅毒的报告数则下降。
