Klamen D L, Miller N S
Undergraduate Medical Education in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Illinois at Chicago, 60612-7327, USA.
J Psychoactive Drugs. 1997 Jul-Sep;29(3):263-8. doi: 10.1080/02791072.1997.10400200.
Addiction to alcohol and other drugs is a serious public health problem that is one of the most common disorders seen in medical practice. Although it is an extremely common disorder, it is poorly diagnosed and treated by physicians. In order to begin to develop an integrated approach to education and addiction, one must define the many roles of the physician working with addicted patients. Training about addictions must begin early in the medical student's career, and continue in a vertically integrated way throughout medical school. The notion of addiction as a disease process must be introduced and integrated into course materials in the preclinical years. Careful attention must be paid to the development of positive views toward working with addicted patients, and students must be indoctrinated early with the idea that physicians have a responsibility to diagnose and manage addicted patients. Students should be given multiple opportunities to learn and use screening interviews for addiction in preclinical interviewing courses, and while on the clerkships. Residency education and continuing medical education in addictions are also important, so that faculty may become good role models for students in this critical area.
酒精和其他药物成瘾是一个严重的公共卫生问题，是医疗实践中最常见的病症之一。尽管这是一种极为常见的病症，但医生对其诊断和治疗水平却很低。为了开始制定一种综合的教育与成瘾治疗方法，必须明确医生在治疗成瘾患者时所扮演的多重角色。关于成瘾问题的培训必须在医学生涯早期就开始，并以纵向整合的方式贯穿整个医学院学习过程。成瘾作为一种疾病过程的概念必须在临床前几年引入并融入课程材料中。必须认真关注培养对治疗成瘾患者的积极态度，并且必须尽早向学生灌输医生有责任诊断和管理成瘾患者这一观念。在临床前面试课程以及实习期间，应该给学生提供多次学习和使用成瘾筛查面试的机会。成瘾方面的住院医师教育和继续医学教育也很重要，这样教员才能在这个关键领域成为学生的良好榜样。
