Lohmann C P, Linde H J, Reischl U
Universitäts-Augenklinik Regensburg.
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 1997 Jul;211(1):22-7. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1035089.
Endophthalmitis is, although relatively rare, a serious intraocular infection, which could result in a loss of visual function. Therefore, the rapid diagnosis and initiation of the appropriate treatment is of critical importance. To date, approximately 60 percent of eyes with a clinical diagnosis of infectious endophthalmitis show a positive microscopic or culture result. By using the very sensitive polymerase chain reaction this number might increase.
In a series of 12 eyes with infectious endophthalmitis we have performed microscopic investigations, diagnostic culture and polymerase chain reaction in aqueous humor and vitreous in order to detect the infectious agent.
Microscopic investigations showed a positive result in the vitreous of 3 eyes. This number improved to 6 eyes using culture media. Significant less positive results were obtained in the aqueous humor. The infectious agent could be detected in the aqueous humor in all 12 eyes and in the vitreous in 9 eyes by PCR. Only in 2 eyes with a delayed endophthalmitis the vitreous was negative.
The detection of the infectious agents was more successful using PCR compared to conventional microbiological tests. In particular, for the diagnosis of delayed endophthalmitis PCR proves to be very superior. In all cases of delayed endophthalmitis the pathogen could be detected in the aqueous humor.
眼内炎虽然相对罕见，但却是一种严重的眼内感染，可导致视功能丧失。因此，快速诊断并开始适当治疗至关重要。迄今为止，临床诊断为感染性眼内炎的患者中，约60%的眼在显微镜检查或培养结果呈阳性。通过使用非常敏感的聚合酶链反应，这一数字可能会增加。
在一系列12例感染性眼内炎患者中，我们对房水和玻璃体进行了显微镜检查、诊断性培养及聚合酶链反应，以检测感染病原体。
显微镜检查显示3例患者的玻璃体呈阳性结果。使用培养基后，这一数字增至6例。房水的阳性结果明显较少。通过聚合酶链反应，在所有12例患者的房水及9例患者的玻璃体中检测到了感染病原体。仅2例迟发性眼内炎患者的玻璃体呈阴性。
与传统微生物学检测相比，使用聚合酶链反应检测感染病原体更为成功。特别是对于迟发性眼内炎的诊断，聚合酶链反应被证明具有很大优势。在所有迟发性眼内炎病例中，均可在房水中检测到病原体。
