[使用鼓膜红外体温计和直肠水银体温计测量儿童体温：在急诊室效果相同]

[Reading children's temperatures with the tympanic infrared thermometer and the rectal mercury thermometer: equally good results in the emergency room].

作者信息

Draaisma J M, van Lemmen R J, de Jong A A, Doesburg W

机构信息

Afd. Kindergeneeskunde, St. Elisabeth Ziekenhuis, Tilburg.

出版信息

Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1997 May 10;141(19):938-41.

PMID:9340539

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To compare the results of reading body temperatures with a tympanic infrared thermometer and a rectal mercury thermometer in children in an emergency department.

DESIGN

Prospective comparative study.

SETTING

St. Elisabeth Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands.

METHOD

In children up to 11 years of age seen in the emergency room between 1 January 1994 and 1 April 1994, the body temperature was measured with a rectal mercury thermometer as well as with a tympanic infrared thermometer. Data were collected on temperature read, clinical picture on arrival (not ill, ill, seriously ill) and appearance of the tympanic membrane (signs of acute otitis media, presence of cerumen). For the statistical comparison, the differences between the findings of the two methods were plotted against the means. The sensitivity and specificity of the results of tympanic measurement in relation to the values read rectally were determined.

RESULTS

Data were collected on 213 children, of whom 19 were younger than 3 months, 46 between 3 and 12 months, and 148 between 1 and 11 years. The mean temperatures measured with the rectal and tympanic thermometers were 38.01 and 38.03 degrees C, respectively. The mean difference between the rectal and tympanic temperatures was -0.013 degree C. The correlation between the rectal and tympanic temperatures was high (r = 0.86; P = 0.0001). The results were the same in groups differing in age, severity of disease and appearance of the tympanic membrane. The sensitivity of the tympanic measurement for fever (rectal temperature > 38.0 degrees C) was 80.6% with a specificity of 92.5%. The sensitivity was 83.8% when a rectal temperature > 38.5 degrees C was taken as the criterion, with a specificity of 95.9%.

CONCLUSION

The tympanic infrared measurement in children in an emergency department gave the same results as rectal measurement using a mercury thermometer.

摘要

目的

比较在急诊科使用鼓膜红外体温计与直肠水银体温计测量儿童体温的结果。

设计

前瞻性对照研究。

地点

荷兰蒂尔堡的圣伊丽莎白医院。

方法

在1994年1月1日至1994年4月1日期间到急诊室就诊的11岁及以下儿童中，同时使用直肠水银体温计和鼓膜红外体温计测量体温。收集测量的体温数据、就诊时的临床表现（未患病、患病、重病）以及鼓膜外观（急性中耳炎体征、耵聍情况）。为进行统计学比较，将两种方法的测量结果差异与平均值进行对比。确定鼓膜测量结果相对于直肠测量值的敏感性和特异性。

结果

收集了213名儿童的数据，其中19名年龄小于3个月，46名年龄在3至12个月之间，148名年龄在1至11岁之间。直肠体温计和鼓膜体温计测量的平均体温分别为38.01摄氏度和38.03摄氏度。直肠温度与鼓膜温度的平均差值为-0.013摄氏度。直肠温度与鼓膜温度的相关性很高（r = 0.86；P = 0.0001）。在年龄、疾病严重程度和鼓膜外观不同的组中结果相同。鼓膜测量对发热（直肠温度>38.0摄氏度）的敏感性为80.6%，特异性为92.5%。以直肠温度>38.5摄氏度为标准时，敏感性为83.8%，特异性为95.9%。