兽医寄生虫学与人类健康。

Institute of Parasitology, University of Zurich.

Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1997 Sep 27;127(39):1598-608.

Veterinary parasitology is a subdiscipline of veterinary medicine and is concerned (a) with diseases in animals caused by protozoan and metazoan parasites, (b) with parasitic zoonoses and (c) with parasites acting as disease vectors. Veterinary parasitology is related to human health and well-being in a number of ways. It plays a role in treatment, prevention and control of parasitoses in animals which serve as food sources for humans, which are used in agriculture as farm animals or which are companion animals of humans. Of direct significance to human health are activities of veterinary parasitology in prevention and control of food-, water-, vector-borne and other zoonoses, such as toxoplasmosis, cryptosporidiosis, leishmaniosis, taeniosis/cysticercosis, echinococcosis and others. In this context the evolution of veterinary parasitology, progress in the control of parasitic animal diseases, the concerns of mass-treatment of livestock against parasitoses, environment related problems and other factors are discussed. Finally, examples of current and predictable future research trends in veterinary parasitology are summarized. It is concluded that an innovative veterinary parasitology in cooperation with other disciplines will be in a position to contribute further to the improvement of human health and well-being.

兽医寄生虫学是兽医学的一个分支学科，涉及以下几个方面：(a) 由原生动物和后生动物寄生虫引起的动物疾病；(b) 寄生性人畜共患病；(c) 作为疾病传播媒介的寄生虫。兽医寄生虫学在许多方面与人类健康和福祉相关。它在治疗、预防和控制动物寄生虫病方面发挥着作用，这些动物是人类的食物来源、农业中的家畜或人类的伴侣动物。兽医寄生虫学在预防和控制食源性、水源性、媒介传播性和其他人畜共患病（如弓形虫病、隐孢子虫病、利什曼病、绦虫病/囊尾蚴病、棘球蚴病等）方面的活动对人类健康具有直接意义。在此背景下，讨论了兽医寄生虫学的发展、动物寄生虫病控制的进展、大规模治疗家畜寄生虫病的问题、与环境相关的问题及其他因素。最后，总结了兽医寄生虫学当前和可预见的未来研究趋势的实例。得出的结论是，与其他学科合作的创新型兽医寄生虫学将能够为改善人类健康和福祉做出进一步贡献。