Streilein J W, Okamoto S, Hara Y, Kosiewicz M, Ksander B
Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1997 Oct;38(11):2245-54.
Anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID) is elicited by an antigen-specific signal that escapes the antigen-containing eye and travels through the blood to the spleen. Two types of ACAID-inducing signals have been described: those associated with blood-borne monocytes, and a soluble factor found in serum. The authors sought to understand the basis for the existence of two distinct types of ACAID-inducing signals.
Different kinds of antigens (soluble, cell associated, particulate) were injected into the anterior chamber (AC) of normal, presensitized, and immunodeficient mice. In addition, peritoneal exudate cells were pulsed in vitro with different kinds of antigen in the presence of transforming growth factor beta and then evaluated for the ability to induce ACAID in naive (nonsensitized) as well as T- and B-cell-deficient recipients.
Among antigens injected into the AC, inert particulate antigens could not induce ACAID, but soluble and cell-associated (minor histocompatibility) antigens generated cell-associated ACAID-inducing signals. In contrast, antigens injected into the AC of presensitized mice generated ACAID-inducing signals that were soluble and located in the plasma fraction of blood. All ACAID-inducing signals created in vitro with soluble, particulate, or cell-associated antigens induced ACAID in vivo.
Cell-associated ACAID-inducing signals are generated in naive mice regardless of the kind of antigen, and these signals arise from mobile intraocular antigen-presenting cells. However, when antigen is injected into the AC of presensitized mice, a soluble signal emerges, perhaps derived from T cells that enter the antigen-containing eye. Together, these signals dictate that subsequent exposures to ocular antigen will not evoke immunogenic inflammation.
前房相关免疫偏离（ACAID）由一种抗原特异性信号引发，该信号从含有抗原的眼睛逸出，通过血液传输至脾脏。已描述了两种诱导ACAID的信号：与血源单核细胞相关的信号以及血清中发现的一种可溶性因子。作者试图了解两种不同类型的ACAID诱导信号存在的基础。
将不同种类的抗原（可溶性、细胞相关、颗粒性）注入正常、预致敏和免疫缺陷小鼠的前房（AC）。此外，在转化生长因子β存在的情况下，用不同种类的抗原在体外刺激腹腔渗出细胞，然后评估其在未致敏（未预致敏）以及T细胞和B细胞缺陷受体中诱导ACAID的能力。
在前房注入的抗原中，惰性颗粒性抗原不能诱导ACAID，但可溶性和细胞相关（次要组织相容性）抗原产生细胞相关的ACAID诱导信号。相比之下，注入预致敏小鼠前房的抗原产生的ACAID诱导信号是可溶性的，且存在于血液的血浆部分。用可溶性、颗粒性或细胞相关抗原在体外产生的所有ACAID诱导信号均可在体内诱导ACAID。
无论抗原种类如何，未致敏小鼠均可产生细胞相关的ACAID诱导信号，这些信号源自可移动的眼内抗原呈递细胞。然而，当将抗原注入预致敏小鼠的前房时，会出现一种可溶性信号，可能源自进入含有抗原眼睛的T细胞。总之，这些信号表明后续接触眼部抗原不会引发免疫原性炎症。
